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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク RANDU ： ウィキペディア英語版 RANDU RANDU is a linear congruential pseudorandom number generator of the Park–Miller type, which has been used since the 1960s.〔 〕 It is defined by the recurrence: :$V\_\; =\; 65539\backslash cdot\; V\_j\backslash ,\; \backslash bmod\backslash ,\; 2^\backslash ,$ with the initial seed number, $\backslash scriptstyle\; V\_0$ as an odd number. It generates pseudorandom integers $\backslash scriptstyle\; V\_j$ which are uniformly distributed in the interval , but in practical applications are often mapped into pseudorandom rationals $\backslash scriptstyle\; X\_j$ in the interval , by the formula: :$X\_j\; =\; \backslash frac\}$. RANDU fails the spectral test badly for dimensions greater than 2, and every integer result is odd. However, at least eight low-order bits are dropped when converted to single-precision floating-point. The reason for choosing these particular values is that with a 32-bit-integer word size, the arithmetic of mod 231 and $65539$ $(\backslash text2^\; +\; 3)$ calculations could be done quickly, using special features of some computer hardware. == Problems with multiplier and modulus == To show the problem with these values, of multiplier 65539 and modulus 231, consider the following calculation where every term should be taken mod 231. Start by writing the recursive relation as: :$x\_=(2^+3)\; x\_=(2^+3\; )^2\; x\_\backslash ,$ which becomes, after expanding the quadratic factor: :$x\_=(2^+6\; \backslash cdot2^\; +9\; )x\_=(\backslash cdot\; (2^+3)-9)x\_\backslash ,$ :because and allows us to show the correlation between three points as: :$x\_=6x\_-9x\_\backslash ,$ As a result of this correlation, the points in three-dimensional space (mod 231) fall in 15 planes. As a result of the wide use of RANDU in the early 1970s, many results from that time are seen as suspicious. This misbehavior was already detected in 1963〔ref. 7 of http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=363827〕 on a 36-bit computer, and carefully reimplemented on the 32-bit IBM System/360. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「RANDU」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.