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A quarantine is used to separate and restrict the movement of persons; it is a 'state of enforced isolation'.〔Merriam Webster definition | http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/quarantine〕 This is often used in connection to disease and illness, such as those who may possibly have been exposed to a communicable disease.〔(Cited from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: http://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/)〕 The term is often erroneously used to mean medical isolation, which is "to separate ill persons who have a communicable disease from those who are healthy."〔Cited from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: http://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/〕 The word comes from the Italian (seventeenth-century Venetian) quaranta, meaning forty, which is the number of days ships were required to be isolated before passengers and crew could go ashore during the Black Death plague epidemic. Quarantine can be applied to humans, but also to animals of various kinds, and both as part of border control as well as within a country. ==In practice== The quarantining of people often raises questions of civil rights, especially in cases of long confinement or segregation from society, such as that of Mary Mallon (aka Typhoid Mary), a typhoid fever carrier who spent the last 24 years of her life under quarantine. Quarantine periods can be very short, such as in the case of a suspected anthrax attack, in which persons are allowed to leave as soon as they shed their potentially contaminated garments and undergo a decontamination shower. For example, an article entitled "Daily News workers quarantined" describes a brief quarantine that lasted until people could be showered in a decontamination tent. (Kelly Nankervis, Daily News). The February/March 2003 issue of ''HazMat Magazine'' suggests that people be "locked in a room until proper decon could be performed", in the event of "suspect anthrax". ''Standard-Times'' senior correspondent Steve Urbon (14 February 2003) describes such temporary quarantine powers: Civil rights activists in some cases have objected to people being rounded up, stripped and showered against their will. But Capt. Chmiel said local health authorities have "certain powers to quarantine people." The purpose of such quarantine-for-decontamination is to prevent the spread of contamination, and to contain the contamination such that others are not put at risk from a person fleeing a scene where contamination is suspect. It can also be used to limit exposure, as well as eliminate a vector. The first astronauts to visit the Moon were quarantined upon their return at the specially built Lunar Receiving Laboratory. New developments for quarantine include new concepts in quarantine vehicles such as the ambulance bus, mobile hospitals, and lockdown/invacuation (inverse evacuation) procedures, as well as docking stations for an ambulance bus to dock to a facility that's under lockdown. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Quarantine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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