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Pristionchus
''Pristionchus'' is a genus of nematodes (roundworms) that currently includes 48 described species. They are known mainly as non-parasitic associates of insects, especially beetles, while others have been reported from soil, organic matter, or rotting wood. The genus includes ''P. pacificus'', a satellite model organism to the well-studied nematode ''Caenorhabditis elegans''.
== Ecology and mouth dimorphism ==
In ''Pristionchus'' species associated with insects, the nematodes usually live on their hosts in a dormant stage (the dauer larva). After the death of the host insect, the nematodes resume development, feeding and reproducing on the decaying host carcass. Most species of ''Pristionchus'' show a polyphenism in their feeding structures, which allows the nematodes to access different food resources in this rapidly changing environment. In one form (the "stenostomatous" form), the mouth is elongated, narrow, and equipped with one small tooth, whereas in the other ("eurystomatous" form) it is short, wide, and with two large teeth. The emergence of a particular form depends on specific environmental conditions and the availability of food. Whereas the stenostomatous form feeds primarily on microorganisms, the eurystomatous form can feed additionally on other nematodes. In the laboratory, ''Pristionchus'' species can be cultured on bacteria such as ''Escherichia coli''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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