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Presbyphagia refers to characteristic changes in the swallowing mechanism of otherwise healthy older adults.〔Robbins JA, Hamilton JW, Lof GL, Kempster G. Oropharyngeal swallowing in normal adults of different ages. Gastroenterology 1992;103:823-9. 〕 Although age-related changes place older adults at risk swallowing disorders, an older adult’s swallow is not necessarily an impaired swallow. Clinicians are becoming more aware of the need to distinguish among swallowing disorders, presbyphagia (an old yet healthy swallow) and other related diagnoses in order to avoid over diagnosing and over treating presbyphagia. Older adults are more vulnerable and with the increased threat of acute illnesses, medications and any number of age-related conditions, they can cross the line from having a healthy older swallow to being dysphagic. Work focused primarily on the anatomy and physiology of the oropharyngeal swallowing mechanism indicates a progression of change that may put the older population at increased risk for swallowing disorders.〔〔Tracy F, Logemann JA, Kahrilas PJ, Jacob P, Kobara M, Krugla C. Preliminary observations on the effects of age on oropharyngeal deglutition. Dysphagia 1989;4:90-4.〕〔Shaw DW, Cook IJ, Dent J et al. Age influences oropharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter function during swallowing. Gastroenterology 1990;98:A390. 〕〔Shaw DW, Cook IJ, Gabb M et al. Influence of normal aging on oropharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter function during swallow. Am J Physiol 1995;L68:G389-G390.〕〔Robbins J, Coyle J, Roecker E, Rosenbek J, Wood J. Differentiation of normal and abnormal airway protection during swallowing using the penetration-aspiration scale. Dysphagia 1999;14:228-32. 〕〔Robbins J, Levine R, Wood J, Roecker E, Luschei E. Age effects on lingual pressure generation as a risk factor for dysphagia. J Gerontol Med Sci 1995;50:M257-M262. 〕〔Nicosia MA, Hind JA, Roecker EB, Carnes M, Robbins JA. Age effects on the temporal evolution of isometric and swallowing pressure. J Gerontol Med Sci 2000;55A:M634-M640. 〕 Such changes combined with naturally diminished functional reserve, the resilient ability to adapt to physiological stress, make the older population more susceptible to dysphagia. == Age-Associated Changes in Swallowing == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Presbyphagia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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