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Polenta
Polenta ((:poˈlenta); polente or poleinte in France) is a Central European dish made by boiling cornmeal into a thick, solidified porridge,〔OED 2nd ed.: a. maize flour, especially as used in Northern Italian cookery. b. A paste or dough made from such meal, a dish made with this.〕 and directly consumed afterwards or baked, fried or grilled. The term is of Latin origin, derived from the term for hulled and crushed grain (especially barley-meal). Its etymology derives from the same base as the word ''pollen''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Online Etymology Dictionary )〕〔
==Description==
As it is known today, polenta derives from earlier forms of grain mush (known as ''puls'' or ''pulmentum'' in Latin or more commonly as gruel or porridge), commonly eaten since Roman times. Before the introduction of corn (maize) from the New World in the 16th century, polenta was made with such starchy ingredients as farro, chestnut flour, millet, spelt, and chickpeas.
Polenta has a creamy texture due to the gelatinization of starch in the grain. However, its consistency may not be completely homogeneous if a coarse grind or hard grain such as flint corn is used.
Historically, polenta was served as a peasant food in North America and Europe. The reliance on maize, which lacks readily accessible niacin unless cooked with alkali to release it, as a staple caused outbreaks of pellagra throughout the American South and much of Europe until the 20th century. In the 1940s and 1950s, polenta was often eaten with salted anchovy or herring, sometimes topped with sauces.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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