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Podoserpula
''Podoserpula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Amylocorticiaceae. The genus contains two species: the type, ''P. pusio'', commonly known as the pagoda fungus, and the "Barbie pagoda", ''P. miranda'', officially published in 2013. ''Podoserpula'' species produce fruit bodies consisting of up to a dozen caps arranged in overlapping shelves, attached to a central axis. Its unique shape is not known to exist in any other fungi. Four varieties of ''P. pusio'' are known, which differ in their sizes, spore morphology, and distribution. The genus is known to occur in Australia and New Zealand, Venezuela, Madagascar, and New Caledonia.
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
''Craterellus pusio'' was first described by Miles Joseph Berkeley in an 1859 publication by James Hooker.〔 Otto Kuntze transferred it to the genus ''Merulius'' in 1891.〔 Until the 1960s, however, it was known as ''Craterellus multiplex'', a species described by Mordecai Cubitt Cooke and George Edward Massee in 1889,〔 and moved to ''Cantharellus'' by Curtis Gates Lloyd in 1920.〔 In 1958, British mycologist R.W.G. Dennis collected the species in Venezuela during an expedition financed by the Percy Sladen Memorial Trust. Derek Reid, attempting to identify the species, rediscovered Berkeley's name, which had priority, and described the new genus ''Podoserpula'' for it in 1963 while simultaneously describing four varieties of it.〔〔
Reid considered the genus allied to ''Leucogyrophana'', then thought to belong to the family Coniophoraceae.〔 Marinus Anton Donk, in a monograph published the next year, agreed and placed it close to ''Serpula'' and ''Coniophora''; these genera are now known to represent early-diverging lineages in the Boletales order.〔 However, the white spore print and small, smooth, and hyaline spores are not characteristic of species in the Coniophoraceae.〔 In a large-scale phylogenetic analysis published in 2006, ''Podoserpula'' nested far from them in the ''Plicaturopsis'' clade, an evolutionarily related group of early-diverging members of the Agaricales order. Other taxa in this clade include ''Plicaturopsis'' and ''Sclerotium rolfsii''.〔 The entire clade was later separated into three smaller orders, ''Podoserpula'' becoming a member of the Amylocorticiales along with mostly corticioid genera such as ''Amylocorticium'' and ''Serpulomyces''.〔
A new species, ''Podoserpula miranda'', was proposed in 2009 by a group of New Caledonian mycologists for a species of that South Pacific archipelago.〔 The name was provisional (not validly published), however, as the description was in French (the code of nomenclature mandates Latin〔) and lacked a required designation of a type specimen.〔 It was validly published in 2013.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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