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The pint (abbreviated as "pt" or "p") is a unit of volume or capacity in both the United States customary and British imperial measurement systems. In both of those systems it is traditionally one-eighth of a gallon. The British pint is about 20% larger than the American pint since the two systems are not compatible. Almost all other countries have standardized on the metric system, so the size of what may be called a pint varies depending on local custom. The imperial pint (≈ 568 ml) is used in the United Kingdom and Ireland and to a limited extent in Commonwealth nations. In the United States, two pints are used: a liquid pint (≈ 473 ml) and a less-common dry pint (≈ 551 ml). Each of these pints is one-eighth of its respective gallon but the gallons differ and the imperial pint is about 20% larger than the US liquid pint. This difference dates back to 1824, when the British Weights and Measures Act standardised various liquid measures throughout the British Empire, while the United States continued to use the earlier English measures. The imperial pint consists of 20 imperial fluid ounces and the US liquid pint is 16 US fluid ounces, making the imperial fluid ounce about 4% smaller than the US fluid ounce. All of the other former British colonies such as Canada, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand converted to the metric system in the 1960s and 1970s, so while the term "pint" may still be in common use in these countries, it may no longer refer to the British imperial pint once used throughout the British Empire. In the United Kingdom, the pint is still the primary unit for draught beer and cider, as it is for milk sold in returnable bottles. In the UK, legislation mandates that draught beer and cider may be sold by the pint in perpetuity, and in taverns can only be sold in a third of a pint, two-thirds of a pint or multiples of half a pint, which must be served in stamped measured glasses or from government-stamped meters.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Weights and Measures ) 〕 It must, of course, be the standard British imperial pint rather than the 17% smaller American pint. A pint of beer served in a tavern outside the United Kingdom and the United States may be measured by other standards, and may be a British imperial pint, an American pint, a half-litre beer stein, or some other measure reflecting national and local laws and customs.〔 American Journal of Physics, v.67(1), 1999-Jan, p.13-16, Romer,R.H.; Editorial: Units: SI only, or multi-cultural diversity?〕 Historically, units called a pint (or the equivalent in the local language) were used across much of Europe, with values varying between countries from less than half a litre to over one litre. Within continental Europe, the pint was replaced with the metric system during the 19th century, but the term is still in limited use in parts of France, Quebec ("une pinte") and Central Europe, notably some areas of Germany and Switzerland. ==Definitions== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pint」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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