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Phiran
The traditional outfit for both males and females in Kashmir is the Phiran and poots.〔(Kashmir Through Ages (5 Vol) By S. R. Bakshi )〕 The phiran and poots consist of two gowns, one over the other.〔(Colonel Tej K Tikoo (2013) Kashmir: Its Aborigines and Their Exodus )〕 The traditional phiran and poots extends to the feet, which was popular up to the late 19th century C.E.〔(Letters from India and Kashmir (1874) )〕 However, a relatively modern variation of the phiran and poots extends to below the knees,〔(Raina, Mohini Qasba (2013) Kashur The Kashmiri Speaking People )〕 which is worn with a suthan (loose form of shalwar) similar to the styles worn in Afghanistan.〔Asoke Kumar Bhattacharyya, Pradip Kumar Sengupta Foundations of Indian Musicology: Perspectives in the Philosophy of Art and Culture (1991) ()〕〔Bamzai, P. N. K. (1994) Culture and Political History of Kashmir, Volume 1 ()〕 It is optional to wear the suthan with a long phiran as traditionally lower garments are not worn with phirans. The traditional phiran and poots do not have side slits.
In summer, the phiran and poots are made of cotton, but in winter, the poots are made out of cotton and the phiran of wool, covering and protecting the body from the cold. These dresses are used by the residents of the Kashmir valley.
==Etymology==
There is no consensus as to the origin of the word 'phiran'. However, it seems that the word is a corruption of the Persian word 'perahan' which means shirt. The outfit has been envogue in Kashmir since before the 15th century.〔Dewan, Parvez (2004) Parvéz Dewân's Jammû, Kashmîr, and Ladâkh: Kashmîr ()〕
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