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Pharyngealization is a secondary articulation of consonants or vowels by which the pharynx or epiglottis is constricted during the articulation of the sound. ==IPA symbols== In the International Phonetic Alphabet, pharyngealization can be indicated by one of two methods: #A tilde or swung dash through the letter indicates velarization, uvularization or pharyngealization, as in , the pharyngealized equivalent of , or #The symbol or (a superscript voiced pharyngeal approximant (reversed glottal stop)) after the letter standing for the pharyngealized consonant, as in or (the pharyngealized equivalent of ).〔It is easily confused in print with , as they look almost identical, and both are coded as superscript variants of .〕 The swung dash diacritic is deprecated in Unicode, with precomposed letters required for proper display in most IPA fonts. These are only available for the labial consonants and the coronal consonants . The intended difference between the two Unicode values and is unclear. Graphically, the first more closely resembles a reversed (superscript glottal stop) and the second a superscript . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pharyngealization」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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