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| Peace-weaver ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Peace-weaver
In Anglo-Saxon tradition, peace-weavers were women who were married to a member of an enemy tribe for the purpose of establishing peace between feuding groups.〔Dorothy Carr Porter, (), "The Social Centrality of Women in ''Beowulf'': A New Context," ''The Heroic Age'' Issue 5〕 It was hoped that by relating two tribes, the animosity between them would be eased as individuals would be reluctant to kill their (distant) relatives. However, such attempts often failed, and peace-weavers watched their sons, brothers, and husbands die by each other’s hand.〔Michael Delahoyde, (), Washington State University〕
==History==
Anglo-Saxons thrived on battle. Politically organized into tribes with local chieftains, Anglo-Saxons were sworn to protect their leaders and had a fierce loyalty to their own tribes. Tacitus said of the Anglo-Saxons: “They choose their kings for their noble birth, their leaders for their valour ... Many noble youths, if the land of their birth is stagnating in a protracted peace, deliberately seek out other tribes, where some war is afoot.”〔() "The Anglo-Saxon Fyrd c.400-878 A.D."〕 With this cultural background, peace was difficult to achieve in Anglo-Saxon communities. There were two major ways that the Anglo-Saxons tried to establish peace between tribes. One was weregild, and the other was the creation of peace-weaver.〔 Although tribes attempted to establish peace through these means, their intended goals were rarely met, as fighting was an institution more honorable than peace.
A few scholars believe that the term “peace-weavers” “does not necessarily reflect a Germanic custom of giving a woman in marriage to a hostile tribe in order to secure peace. Rather, it is a poetic metaphor referring to the person whose function it seems to be to perform openly the action of making peace by weaving to the best of her art a tapestry of friendship and amnesty.”〔 This argument originates from the idea that the term is used to refer to angels that are sent from God as peace-weavers between God and man. Thus, peace-weaver can have a broader meaning, but when speaking of peace-weavers in literature, the most common discussions revolve around women married to rival tribes in order to establish peace between warring peoples.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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