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Novella
A novella is a work of written, fictional, narrative prose normally longer than a short story but shorter than a novel. The English word "''novella'' derives from the Italian "''novella'', feminine of "''novello'', which means "new".〔(Novella - Definition at Merriam-Webster Dictionary online ) (Accessed 7 March 2010)〕 The novella is a common literary genre in several European languages.
==History==
The novella as a literary genre began developing in the early Renaissance by the Italian and French ''literatura'', principally Giovanni Boccaccio, author of ''The Decameron'' (1353).〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Definition and history of 'novella' )〕 ''The Decameron'' featured one hundred tales (novellas) told by ten people (seven women and three men) fleeing the Black Death by escaping from Florence to the Fiesole hills in 1348. This structure would then be imitated by subsequent authors, notably the French queen Marguerite de Navarre, who wrote a ''Heptaméron'' (1559) that included seventy-two original French tales and was modeled after the structure of ''The Decameron''.
Not until the late 18th and early 19th centuries did writers fashion the novella into a literary genre structured by precepts and rules, generally in a realistic mode. At that time, the Germans were the most active writers of the ''Novelle'' (German: "Novelle"; plural: "Novellen"). For the German writer, a novella is a fictional narrative of indeterminate length—a few pages to hundreds—restricted to a single, suspenseful event, situation, or conflict leading to an unexpected turning point (''Wendepunkt''), provoking a logical but surprising end. ''Novellen'' tend to contain a concrete symbol, which is the narrative's focal point.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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