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The narthex is an architectural element typical of early Christian and Byzantine basilicas and churches consisting of the entrance or lobby area, located at the west end〔By convention, ecclesiastical floor plans are shown map-fashion, with north to the top and the liturgical east to the right. Therefore, some may refer to the narthex as being at the western end of the floor plan. This is done for symbolic reasons, as scriptures say to look for Christ appearing in the east, thus the location of the altar is known as the liturgical east, regardless of the actual cardinal directions.〕 of the nave, opposite the church's main altar. Traditionally the narthex was a part of the church building, but was not considered part of the church proper. In early Christian churches the narthex was often divided into two distinct parts: an esonarthex (inner narthex), between the west wall and the body of the church proper, separated from the nave and aisles by a wall, arcade, colonnade, screen or rail, and an external closed space, the exonarthex (outer narthex),〔In other languages a different terminology can arise confusion. For example, in Italian the inner narthex is called ''endonartece'' and the outer narthex ''esonartece'', as the inner narthex in English. Krautheimer (1986), ''passim''〕 a court in front of the church facade delimited on all sides by a colonnade as in the first St. Peter's Basilica in Rome or in the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio in Milan. The exonarthex may have been either open or enclosed, with a door leading to the outside as in the Byzantiine Chora Church.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=narthex )〕 By extension, the narthex can also denote a covered porch or entrance to a building. ==Etymology== The word comes from ''narthex'' (Medieval Latin from Classical Greek ''narthex'' νάρθηξ〔(LSJ narthex )〕 "giant fennel, scourge") and was the place for penitents.〔The national encyclopædia. ed. John H F. Brabner – 1884 "This space was the narthex or " scourge," and was for the use of penitents. The name was also extended to the outer court "〕 In Modern Greek ''narthekas'' (νάρθηκας) no longer has this meaning and is either the porch of a church, as English, or the brace of a sprained wrist or sling of a broken arm. In English the narthex is now the porch outside the church at the west end, formerly it was a part of the church itself.〔William George Clark ''Peloponnesus: notes of study and travel'' 1858 Page 110 "One of the most perplexing words in etymology and application is the word narthex. In modern times it can be applied to the porch outside the church at the west end; in old days it was given to a part of the church itself, ..."〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Narthex」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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