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A mystagogue (from (ギリシア語:μυσταγωγός) "person who initiates into mysteries") is a person who initiates others into mystic beliefs, an educator or person who has knowledge of the sacred mysteries. Another word is hierophant. In ancient mystery religions, a mystagogue would be responsible for leading an initiate into the secret teachings and rituals of the cultus. The initiate would often be blindfolded, and the mystagogue would literally "guide" him into the sacred space. In the early church, this same concept was used to describe the bishop, who was responsible for seeing to it that the catechumens were properly prepared for baptism. Homilies given to those in the last stages of preparation, and which deal with the sacraments are called "Mystagogical Homilies." Sometimes these mystagogical instructions were not given until after the catechumen had been baptized. The most famous of these mystagogical works are the "Mystagogical Homilies" of St. Cyril of Jerusalem and the work, "On the Mysteries" by St. Ambrose of Milan. In various organizations, it is the role of the mystagogue to "mystify" pledges. The term is sometimes used to refer to a person who guides people through religious sites, such as churches, and explains the various artifacts. This branch of theology is at times called mystagogy. In the United States versions of Mystagogical legends predate European contact. Early Native American tribes around the Great Lakes region, prompted the idea that the Mystagogue was a spiritual leader, and upon death would transform into a beast with many heads.〔The Sociology of Secrecy and of Secret Societies Georg Simmel American Journal of Sociology , Vol. 11, No. 4 (Jan., 1906), pp. 441-498〕 The Mystagogue would reappear in his beastly form and feed on those who strayed from the tribe if it was not in keeping with their religious customs. The historical tradition of the Mystagogue has carried on today through the fraternity system in American universities, that have historically held a position for the Mystagogue at either the chapter or the national level.〔: Rites And Symbols Of Initiation: The Mysteries Of Birth And Rebirth Author: Mircea Eliade, Publisher: Spring Publications Pages: 204 Published: 2009-07-22〕 The Mystagogue is a person of great respect, and his knowledge concerning both the physical and spiritual matters of the organization is not questioned. Similar to Native American traditions the Mystagogue in the Fraternity system has the power to shut down parts of their Fraternity which are not in keeping with customs or tradition. Max Weber, considered to be one of the founders of the modern study of sociology, described the mystagogue as part magician, part prophet; and as one who dispersed "magical actions that contain the boons of salvation"〔Kirkpatrick, R. George and Diana Tumminia: "California Space Goddess: The Mystagogue in a Flying Saucer Cult", In: ''Twentieth-Century World Religious Movements in Neo-Weberian Perspective'', 1992, 300〕 According to Roy Wallis, "The primary criterion that Weber had in mind in distinguishing the ''prophet'' from the ''mystagogue'' was that the latter offers a largely magical means of salvation rather than proclaiming a radical religious ethic or an example to be followed."〔Wallis, Roy, "The Aetherius Society: A Case Study in the Formation of a Mystagogic Congregation", In: ''Sectarianism'', 1975, 25.〕 ==See also== * Hierophant * Sacred Mysteries 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mystagogue」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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