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Mikoshi-nyūdō (見越し入道 or 見越入道) is a type of bald-headed ''yōkai'' "goblin" with an ever-extending neck. In Japanese folklore and Edo period (1603-1868) ''kaidan'' "ghost story" texts, ''mikoshi-nyūdō'' will frighten people who look over the top of things such as ''byōbu'' folding screens. The name combines ''mikoshi'' 見越し (lit. "see over") "looking over the top (of a fence); anticipation; expectation" and ''nyūdō'' 入道 (lit. "enter the Way") "a (Buddhist) priest; a bonze; a tonsured monster".〔Watanabe Toshirō (渡邊敏郎), Edmund R. Skrzypczak, and Paul Snowden, eds., ''Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'' (新和英大辞典), 5th ed., Kenkyusha 2003, pp. 2004 and 2490.〕 ==Summary== By walking to the end of a road at night or a hill road, something the shape of a monk would suddenly appear, and if one looks up, it becomes larger the further one looks up.〔 They are so big that one would look up at them, and thus are given the name "." Sometimes, if one just looks at them like that, one might die, but they seem to disappear by saying "." They most frequently appear when walking alone on night paths, but they are also said to appear at intersections, stone bridges, and above trees. It is said that getting flown over by a mikoshi-nyūdō results in death or getting strangled by the throat, and if one falls back due to looking up at the nyūdō, one's windpipe would get gnawed at and killed. On Iki Island off Kyushu, a mikoshi-nyūdō would make a "wara wara" sound like the swaying of bamboo, so by immediately changing, "," the nyūdō would disappear, but it is said that if one simply goes past them without saying anything, bamboo would fall resulting in death. In the Oda District, Okayama Prefecture, it is said that when one meets a mikoshi-nyūdō, it is vital to lower one's vision to the bottom of one's feet, and if one instead looks up to the head from the feet, one would be eaten and killed. Other than this, other than changing "mikoshita (seen past)" or "minuita (seen through)," there are also examples where they would disappear by mustering one's courage and smoking tobacco (Kanagawa Prefecture), or by calculating the height of the mikoshi-nyūdō by a margin (Shizuoka Prefecture), among other methods. In the essay by Hakuchō Nishimura from the Edo period, the mikoshi-nyūdō is a yakubyōgami that inflicts people with fever, and there is the story as follows. In the Shōtoku era, in Yoshida, Mikawa Province (now Toyohashi, Aichi Prefecture), the merchant Zen'emon, while on the way to Denma in Nagoya, encountered a whirlwind, and the horse he rode on started to have its feet hurt, and when Zen'emon also felt unwell and started crouching, an ōnyūdō with a height of about 1 ''to'' and 3 or 4 ''shaku'' (about 4 meters) appeared. The nyūdō was almost like Nio, and as the eyes shone like a mirrors, Zen'emon came closer. When Zen'emon trembled in fear and lied down on the ground, the nyūdō jumped over him and went away. At dawn, Zan'emon stopped by a private house and when he asked, "Are there strange things like tengu around here?" he received the reply, "Isn't that what's called a 'mikoshi-nyūdō'?" Afterwards, Zen'emon reached his destination of Nagoya, but he lost his appetite, was afflicted by a fever, and even medical treatment and drugs had no effect, and died on the 13th day.〔 In a certain region of the Okayama prefecture, if a female squats at a toilet, a fox (kitsune) shapeshifted into a mikoshi-nyūdō would appear and say menacingly, "."〔 Also, it is said that on the night of Ōmisoka, by chanting "mikoshi-nyūdō, hototogisu" while at a toilet, a mikoshi-nyūdō would definitely appear.〔 Concerning legends like these relating to toilets, there is the theory that they may have been confused with the kanbari-nyūdō.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mikoshi-nyūdō」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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