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Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) diode, also called Metal-Oxide-Metal (MOM) diode or tunnel junction, is a type of nonlinear device very similar to a semiconductor diode that is capable of very fast operation. Depending on the geometry and the material used for fabrication, the operation mechanisms are govern either by quantum tunnelling or thermal activation 〔S. Hemour and W. Ke, "Radio-Frequency Rectifier for Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting: Development Path and Future Outlook," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 102, pp. 1667-1691, 2014.(PDF )〕 In 1948, Torrey et al. were stating〔H. C. W. Torrey, Charles Austin; Goudsmit, Samuel A., Crystal rectifiers. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1948.〕 that "It should be possible to make metal-insulator-metal rectifiers with much smaller spreading resistances than metal-semiconductor rectifiers have, consequently giving greater rectification efficiency at high frequencies". But due to fabrication difficulties, two decades passed before the first device could be successfully processed. Some of the very first MIM diode to be fabricated came from Bell lab in the end of the 60s, and in 1970〔W. F. Brinkman, R. C. Dynes, and J. M. Rowell, "Tunneling Conductance of Asymmetrical Barriers," Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 41, pp. 1915-1921, 1970. See (article )〕 Brinkman et al. demonstrated the first zero-bias MIM tunneling diode with significant responsivity. When they are using tunneling transport, the MIM diode can be very fast. As soon as 1974, this diode was reportedly used as a mixer at 88THz in a setup of the National Institute of Standard and Technology.〔E. Sakuma and K. Evenson, "Characteristics of tungsten-nickel point contact diodes used as laser harmonic-generator mixers," Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of, vol. 10, pp. 599-603, 1974. See (article )〕 Thanks to recent researches the zero-bias responsivity of the MIM diode (15 A/W) is now very close to the one of Shottky diode (19.4 A/W) 〔M. L. Chin, P. Periasamy, T. P. O'Regan, M. Amani, C. Tan, R. P. O'Hayre, et al., "Planar metal-insulator-metal diodes based on the Nb/Nb2O5/X material system," Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, vol. 31, pp. 051204-051204-8, 2013. See (article )〕 Today MIM diode is the cornerstone of the ongoing nantenna developments. They are also used as Thin-film diode by the Flat panel display manufacturers ==See also== *Scanning tunneling microscope *Resonant tunnelling diode *Tunnel junction *nantenna *Thin-film diode *Tunnel diode *Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Metal-insulator-metal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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