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Megalibgwilia
''Megalibgwilia'' is a genus of echidna known only from Australian fossils that incorporates the oldest known echidna species. It lived during the Pleistocene, becoming extinct about 50,000 years ago.
''Megalibgwilia'' was first described from a broken left humerus by Richard Owen when he identified ''M. ramsayi'' in 1884. Complete skulls and postcranial fossils have since been described. A second species, ''M. robusta'', was described in 1896 by Australian paleontologist William Sutherland Dun.
Although they are sometimes commonly referred to as giant echidnas, ''Megalibgwilia'' species are thought to have been similar in size to the contemporary western long-beaked echidna, but with slightly longer forearms.〔 They were smaller than a large species known from fossils in Australia, ''Zaglossus hacketti''. ''M. ramsayi'' fossils have been found in deposits across mainland Australia and on Tasmania. ''M. robusta'' has only been found in New South Wales.〔Long, J., Archer, M., Flannery, T. and Hand, S. 2002. ''Prehistoric Mammals of Australia and New Guinea: One Hundred Million Years of Evolution''. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp 45-47. ISBN 0-8018-7223-5.〕 ''Megalibgwilia'' was probably an insect-eater, like the short-beaked echidna, rather than a worm-eater like members of ''Zaglossus''.〔
''M. robusta'' is the oldest known echidna and the only known Miocene species.〔Griffiths, M., Wells, R.T., and Barrie, D.J. 1991. Observations on the skulls of fossil and extant echidnas (Monotremata:Tachyglossidae),. ''Australian Mammalology'' 14:87-101〕
== References ==
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