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McJob (sometimes called joe job) is slang for a low-paying, low-prestige dead-end job that requires few skills and offers very little chance of intracompany advancement.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mcjob )〕 The term McJob comes from the name of the fast-food restaurant McDonald's, but is used to describe any low-status job – regardless of the employer – where little training is required, staff turnover is high, and workers' activities are tightly regulated by managers. ==History== "McJob" was in use at least as early as 1986, according to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (OED), which defines it as "An unstimulating, low-paid job with few prospects, esp. one created by the expansion of the service sector."〔"(Merriam-Webster: 'McJob' is here to stay )". ''The Associated Press''. November 11, 2003.〕 Lack of job security is common. The term was coined by sociologist Amitai Etzioni, and appeared in the ''Washington Post'' on August 24, 1986 in the article "McJobs are Bad for Kids".〔(B170 )〕 The term was popularized by Douglas Coupland's 1991 novel ''Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture'', described therein as "a low-pay, low-prestige, low-dignity, low benefit, no-future job in the service sector. Frequently considered a satisfying career choice by people who have never held one."〔Coupland, Douglas. ''Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture''. St Martin's Press, 1991. p. 5 ISBN 0-312-05436-X〕 The term appears in the 1994 novel ''Interface'' (by Neal Stephenson and George Jewsbury) to describe in the abstract positions that are briefly held and underpaid. In the 1999 British film ''Human Traffic'', one character's work in a generic burger outlet is referred to as a McJob. In the face of objections from McDonald's, the term "McJob" was added to ''Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary'' in 2003,. In an open letter to Merriam-Webster, McDonald's CEO, James Cantalupo denounced the definition as a "slap in the face" to all restaurant employees, and stated that "a more appropriate definition of a 'McJob' might be 'teaches responsibility.'" Merriam-Webster responded that "(stood ) by the accuracy and appropriateness of () definition." On 20 March 2007, the BBC reported that the UK arm of McDonald's planned a public petition to have the OED's definition of "McJob" changed.〔(McDonald's McJob Petition )〕〔(BBC NEWS | Talk about Newsnight | “Gis a McJob” )〕 Lorraine Homer from McDonald's stated that the company feels the definition is "out of date and inaccurate". McDonald's UK CEO, Peter Beresford, described the term as "demeaning to the hard work and dedication displayed by the 67,000 McDonald's employees throughout the UK". The company would prefer the definition to be rewritten to "reflect a job that is stimulating, rewarding ... and offers skills that last a lifetime." These comments run counter to the principle that dictionaries simply record linguistic usage rather than judge it, and that dropping the entry for "McJob" would be a precedent for bowdlerising definitions of other derogatory terms.〔 McDonald's attempted to get all of its workers to sign the petition but many refused on the grounds that the current definition is accurate despite the company's complaint. During the aforementioned arguments that broke out when Merriam-Webster included "McJob" in its new edition, McDonald's officials implied the company might bring a lawsuit against the dictionary based on this trademark issue, but never did so. McDonald's disputes that its jobs are poor, because the company has been nominated for employee awards that are created by employers.〔(Britain's Top Employers 2008 - McDonald's Restaurants Ltd Company Profile )〕〔(The Times Top 100 Graduate Employers - The Top 100 )〕〔(FT.com / Reports / Best workplaces 2007 )〕〔http://www.caterersearch.com/onlineteam/bptw/index.html〕〔(wheretowork.com - Jobs recruitment employment vacancies careers )〕〔(Employer of the Year Awards 2006 )〕〔(McDonald's shrugs off 'McJob curse' to win Best Place to Work in Hospitality Award )〕 However, this was contradicted in the outcome of the UK McLibel court case, in which the judges ruled that it was fair to say that McDonald's employees worldwide "do badly in terms of pay and conditions".〔(Press Release - McLibel Support Campaign; 25th March 1999 )〕 The term "McJobs" may be losing popularity in favor of a somewhat broader term, "precarity" or "precariat." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「McJob」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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