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''Maskarade'' (''Masquerade'') is an opera in three acts by Carl Nielsen to a Danish libretto by Vilhelm Andersen, based on the comedy by Ludvig Holberg. It was first performed on 11 November 1906 at Det Kongelige Teater, Copenhagen. ''Maskarade'' has enjoyed enduring popularity in Denmark where it is considered to be the country's national opera. ==Background and performance history== Nielsen first considered writing an opera based on Holberg's play ''Maskarade'' around the turn of the 20th century. He contacted Vilhelm Andersen (1864–1953) whom he knew from his student days, hoping to persuade him to write a libretto. Andersen initially refused but finally agreed, allowing Nielsen to start composing in May 1904. The Royal Theatre scheduled the opera even before it was finished. In fact, Nielsen only completed the overture on 3 November, a week before the opera's premiere. The world premiere of ''Maskarade'' took place at Det Kongelige Teater in Copenhagen on 11 November 1906. It was a resounding success from the start with an exceptional run of 25 performances over its first four months. Reviews in the press were however mixed, the consensus being that the first act was the best, the second was rather weak and the third lacked theatrical clarity although the music was brilliant.〔 Announcement of plans to turn Holberg’s classical comedy into an opera buffa met with dismay in Danish literary circles, but the opera was immediately popular, more so than the play itself. Now considered to be Denmark's national opera, it has enjoyed lasting success in the country, attributable to its many strophic songs, its dances and its underlying "old Copenhagen" atmosphere. In 2006, Denmark's Ministry of Culture named it one of Denmark's twelve greatest musical works.〔 The opera did not premiere in the United States until 1972 when it was performed by St. Paul Opera in Minnesota, conducted by Igor Buketoff. The first reported New York performance was by the Bronx Opera Company in 1983. It was performed in the US again in 2014, when it had its Chicago premiere on 18 January at the Vittum Theater performed by the Vox3 Collective.〔Johnson, Lawrence A. (24 January 2014). ("Even with rough edges, Nielse'’s ''Maskarade'' is a delight in belated Chicago premiere" ). ''Chicago Classical Review''. Retrieved 14 June 2015.〕 ''Maskarade'' received a major international revival in 2005 in a new production by David Pountney which was performed at the Bregenz Festival in August of that year and travelled to the Royal Opera House the following month for its first performance by the company.〔Service, Tom (21 September 2005). ("Review: ''Maskarade''" ). ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 14 June 2015.〕〔Picard, Anna (25 September 2005). ("Review: ''Maskarade'', Royal Opera House, London" ). ''The Independent''.〕 The opera had been previously performed in the UK at London's Morley College in 1983 and in Leeds by Opera North in 1990.〔Kennedy, Michael and Bourne, Joyce (2004). ("Maskarade" ). ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music'', p. 459. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198608845〕 Despite its popularity in his home country, Nielsen was not entirely satisfied with the work, citing structural weakness in the final two acts; but he never got around to revising the work. The overture and the ballet from the third act ("Dance of the Cockerels") are performed frequently, as noted by the Carl Nielsen Society, which states that the overture is one of Nielsen's most widely performed works at concerts in Europe and North America.〔("Performances" ), Carl Nielsen Society. Retrieved 14 June 2015.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maskarade」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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