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''Marianismo'' is an aspect of the female gender role in the ''machismo'' of Hispanic American folk culture. It is the veneration for feminine virtues like purity and moral strength. For example, it represents the "virgin" aspect of the dichotomy. Evelyn Stevens states: The ideas within ''marianismo'' include those of feminine passivity and sexual purity. There is power in ''marianismo'' that stems from the female ability to produce life. This term derives from Catholic belief in Mary, mother of Jesus, as both a virgin and a mother. According to the New Testament, she was a virgin when she gave birth to Jesus. She was eventually given the title ''Theotokos'' "Mother of God" in Christianity and thus became a subject of veneration and admiration. From this is derived the idea that an ideal woman should be spiritually immaculate and eternally self-giving. This ideal woman is emotional, kind, instinctive, whimsical, docile, compliant, vulnerable, and unassertive. She has a higher status in the community if she has children (especially male children) and is a caring mother. She is also pious and observant of religious law. ==Origin of the term== "''Marianismo''" originally referred to the devotion to Mary ((スペイン語:María)). The term was first used by political scientist Evelyn Stevens in her 1973 essay "''Marianismo'': The Other Face of ''Machismo''". It was in direct response to the male word ''machismo'' and was meant to explain the phenomenon in Latin America in which women were either "saints or whores.".〔 It is the supposed ideal of true femininity that women are supposed to live up to—i.e. being modest, virtuous, and sexually abstinent until marriage—and then being faithful and subordinate to their husbands. In essence, marianismo is the female counterpart to machismo, and as such, probably originated during the time of the Spanish colonization of the Americas.〔(Marianismo: Origin and Meaning )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marianismo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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