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Mangeliidae
Mangeliidae is currently a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.〔〔Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.) (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". ''Malacologia'' 47(1-2). ISBN 3-925919-72-4. 397 pp.〕
Prior to 2011, both the subfamilies Mangeliinae and Oenopotinae had been placed in the family Conidae. In 2011, Bouchet, Kantor ''et al'' merged the two subfamilies into one taxon, which they elevated to the rank of family. This was based on anatomical characters and a dataset of molecular sequences of three gene fragments.〔
==Description==
The Mangeliidae are characterized in general by the lack of an operculum and by a deep sinus with a heavy callus on the shoulder slope of the outer lip. This outer lip (labrum) is reinforced. The aperture is oval-elongated, usually narrow, terminating in a rather short, truncated siphon. The aperture is only rarely denticulate. The axial ribs are dominant in the sculpture of the shell. The toxoglossate radula has a weak basal ribbon and relatively short marginal teeth with very variable morphology. The tooth cavity opens laterally.〔(Chen-Kwoh Chang, Small Turrids of Taiwan, chapter 12, p. 116; June, 1 2001 )〕
However, the genera ''Neoguraleus'' and ''Liracraea'' are operculate; the operculum in these genera has a terminal nucleus. These exceptions mean that the reinforced outer lip is the most characteristic feature of this subfamily.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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