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''Maianthemum'' (Latin ''ラテン語:Māia'' "May" and Greek ' "flower"; including former ''Smilacina'') is a genus of rhizomatous, herbaceous, perennial flowering plants, native to the understory of woodlands. It is widespread across much of North America, Europe and Asia.〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families )〕〔(Flora of China, Vol. 24 Page 217, 舞鹤草属 wu he cao shu, ''Maianthemum'' F. H. Wiggers, Prim. Fl. Holsat. 14. 1780. )〕〔(Flora of North America, Vol. 26 Page 206, ''Maianthemum'' F. H. Wiggers, Prim. Fl. Holsat. 14. 1780. )〕 In the APG III classification system, ''Maianthemum'' is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Nolinoideae (formerly the family Ruscaceae). Because of genetic similarity, similar fruits, and evidence that the 4-tepal species evolved from a 6-tepal species, the genus ''Smilacina'' was combined with ''Maianthemum'' in the late 20th century.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 ''Maianthemum'' )〕 Like many lilioid monocots, both ''Maianthemum'' and ''Smilacina'' were formerly included in the family Liliaceae. The genus has also been placed in the former family Convallariaceae, and resembles the closely related ''Polygonatum'', hence the common name "false Solomon's seal". Flowers have six tepals, reduced to four in ''M. canadense'', ''M. bifolium'' and ''M. dilatatum''. ==Species== Species accepted: #''Maianthemum amoenum'' (H.L.Wendl.) LaFrankie - Honduras, El Salvador, Chiapas, Veracruz # ''Maianthemum atropurpureum'' (Franch.) LaFrankie - Sichuan, Yunnan #''Maianthemum bicolor'' (Nakai) Cubey - Korea # ''Maianthemum bifolium'' (L.) F.W.Schmidt - May lily - northern and central Europe and northern Asia from Spain to Kamchatka; China, Japan, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Germany, Italy, Ukraine, etc # ''Maianthemum canadense'' Desf. - Canada mayflower, false lily-of-the-valley - much of USA and Canada #''Maianthemum comaltepecense'' Espejo, López-Ferr. & Ceja - Oaxaca # ''Maianthemum dahuricum'' (Turcz. ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) LaFrankie - Siberia, Russian Far East, Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, Korea # ''Maianthemum dilatatum'' (Alph.Wood) A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. - snakeberry, wild lily-of-the-valley - Mongolia, Korea, Japan, Russian Far East, Alaska, Yukon, British Columbia, Washington, Idaho, Oregon, California #''Maianthemum flexuosum'' (Bertol.) LaFrankie - Chiapas, Central America #''Maianthemum formosanum'' (Hayata) LaFrankie - Taiwan # ''Maianthemum forrestii'' (W.W.Sm.) LaFrankie - Yunnan # ''Maianthemum fusciduliflorum'' (Kawano) S.C.Chen & Kawano - Tibet, Yunnan, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar # ''Maianthemum fuscum'' (Wall.) LaFrankie - Nepal, Tibet, Yunnan, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar #''Maianthemum gigas'' (Woodson) LaFrankie - Chiapas, Central America # ''Maianthemum gongshanense'' (S.Yun Liang) H.Li - Yunnan # ''Maianthemum henryi'' (Baker) LaFrankie - Vietnam, Myanmar, Tibet, southern China #''Maianthemum hondoense'' (Ohwi) LaFrankie - Honshu #''Maianthemum × intermedium'' Vorosch. - Siberia, Russian Far East ''(M. bifolium × M. dilatatum)'' # ''Maianthemum japonicum'' (A.Gray) LaFrankie - Russian Far East, Japan, Korea, northeastern China # ''Maianthemum lichiangense'' (W.W.Sm.) LaFrankie - Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan #''Maianthemum macrophyllum'' (M.Martens & Galeotti) LaFrankie - Veracruz #''Maianthemum mexicanum'' García Arév - Durango #''Maianthemum monteverdense'' LaFrankie - Nicaragua, Costa Rica # ''Maianthemum nanchuanense'' H.Li & J.L.Huang - Sichuan # ''Maianthemum oleraceum'' (Baker) LaFrankie - Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Tibet, Sikkim, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan #''Maianthemum paludicola'' LaFrankie - Costa Rica # ''Maianthemum paniculatum'' (M.Martens & Galeotti) LaFrankie - Central America, central and southern Mexico # ''Maianthemum purpureum'' (Wall.) LaFrankie - Tibet, Yunnan, Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim, Assam # ''Maianthemum racemosum'' (L.) Link - false Solomon's-seal - widespread across forested regions of USA and Canada; also Chihuahua #''Maianthemum robustum'' (Makino & Honda) LaFrankie - Honshu #''Maianthemum salvinii'' (Baker) LaFrankie - Chiapas, Guatemala #''Maianthemum scilloideum'' (M.Martens & Galeotti) LaFrankie - Mexico, Guatemala # ''Maianthemum stellatum'' (L.) Link - starry Solomon's-seal widespread across most of northern and Western United States; much of Canada; Chihuahua # ''Maianthemum stenolobum'' (Franch.) S.C.Chen & Kawano - Sichuan, Gansu, Hubei # ''Maianthemum szechuanicum'' (F.T.Wang & Tang) H.Li - Sichuan, Yunnan # ''Maianthemum tatsienense'' (Franch.) LaFrankie - Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan # ''Maianthemum trifolium'' (L.) Sloboda - three-leaf Solomon's-seal, false mayflower Siberia, Russian Far East, Korea, Manchuria, Alaska, much of Canada, northeastern and north-central United States # ''Maianthemum tubiferum'' (Batalin) LaFrankie - Gansu, Hubei, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan #''Maianthemum yesoense'' (Franch. & Sav.) LaFrankie - Japan 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maianthemum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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