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・ Magmic
・ Magmin
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・ Magna (moth)
・ Magna (paint)
・ Magna Academy
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Magistrate
・ Magistrate (England and Wales)
・ Magistrate court (West Virginia)
・ Magistrate of Brussels
・ Magistrate's court (South Africa)
・ Magistrate's Court (TV series)
・ Magistrates (band)
・ Magistrates (comics)
・ Magistrates court (Northern Territory)
・ Magistrates court of Queensland
・ Magistrates Court of South Australia
・ Magistrates Court of Tasmania
・ Magistrates Court of the Australian Capital Territory
・ Magistrates Court of Western Australia
・ Magistrates of Brussels


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Magistrate : ウィキペディア英語版
Magistrate

A magistrate is an officer of the state. In modern usage, the term usually refers to lawyers who hear cases in tribunals. Formerly, in ancient Rome, a ''magistratus'' was one of the highest ranking government officers and possessed both judicial and executive powers. Today, in common law systems, a magistrate has limited law enforcement and administration authority. In civil law systems, a magistrate may be a judge in a superior court, where the magistrates' court might have jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases. A related but not always equivalent term is ''chief magistrate'' which historically can denote a political and administrative officer.
==Etymology==
''Magistrate'' derives from the Middle English word ''magistrat'', denoting a "civil officer in charge of administrating laws" (c.1374); from the Old French ''magistrat''; from the Latin ''magistratus'', which derives from ''magister'' (master), from the root of ''magnus'' (great).

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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