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The MADS box is a conserved sequence motif found in genes which comprise the MADS-box gene family.〔Schwarz-Sommer Z, Huijser P, Nacken W, Saedler H, Sommer H: Genetic control of flower development by homeotic genes in Antirrhinum majus. Science 1990, 250:931-936〕 The MADS box encodes the DNA-binding MADS domain. The MADS domain binds to DNA sequences of high similarity to the motif CC()6GG termed the CArG-box.〔 MADS-domain proteins are generally transcription factors. The length of the MADS-box reported by various researchers varies somewhat, but typical lengths are in the range of 168 to 180 base pairs, i.e. the encoded MADS domain has a length of 56 to 60 amino acids.〔Ma, K.W. et al. (2005) Myocyte enhancer factor 2 acetylation by p300 enhances its DNA binding activity, transcriptional activity, and myogenic differentiation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 3575–3582〕〔Lamb, R.S. and Irish, V.F. (2003) Functional divergence within the APETALA3/PISTILLATA floral homeotic gene lineages. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 100, 6558–6563〕〔Lu, S.H. et al. (2007) Two AGAMOUS-like MADS-box genes from Taihangia rupestris (Rosaceae) reveal independent trajectories in the evolution of class C and class D floral homeotic functions. Evol. Dev. 9, 92–104〕〔Nam, J. et al. (2003) Antiquity and evolution of the MADS-box gene family controlling flower development in plants. Mol. Biol. Evol. 20, 1435–1447〕 There is evidence that the MADS domain evolved from a sequence stretch of a type II topoisomerase in a common ancestor of all extant eukaryotes.〔Gramzow L, Ritz MS, Theissen G: On the origin of MADS-domain transcription factors. Trends Genet 2010, 26:149-153.〕 ==Origin of name== The first MADS-box gene to be identified was ''ARG80'' from budding yeast, ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'',〔Dubois E, Bercy J, Descamps F, Messenguy F: Characterization of two new genes essential for vegetative growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: nucleotide sequence determination and chromosome mapping. Gene 1987, 55:265-275.〕 but was at that time not recognized as a member of a large gene family. The MADS-box gene family got its name later as an acronym referring to the four founding members,〔 ignoring ''ARG80'': * MCM1 from the budding yeast, ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'', * AGAMOUS from the thale cress ''Arabidopsis thaliana'', * DEFICIENS from the snapdragon ''Antirrhinum majus'', * SRF from the human ''Homo sapiens''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MADS-box」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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