|
: ''For other uses of the name Lymington, see Lymington (disambiguation).'' Lymington is a port town on the west bank of the Lymington River on the Solent, in the New Forest district of Hampshire, England. It is to the east of the South East Dorset conurbation, and faces Yarmouth on the Isle of Wight, to which there is a car ferry service operated by Wightlink. The town has a large tourist industry, based on its proximity to the New Forest and its harbour. It is a major yachting centre with three marinas. According to the 2011 census, the Lymington urban area had a population of 15,407. If the nearby parish of Boldre, including Walhampton, is added, the population in 2011 was 17,410. ==History== The earliest settlement in the Lymington area was around the Iron Age hill fort known today as Buckland Rings. The hill and ditches of the fort survive, and archaeological excavation of part of the walls was carried out in 1935. The fort has been dated to around the 6th century BC. There is another supposed Iron Age site at nearby Ampress Hole. However, evidence of later settlement (as opposed to occupation) there is sparse before Domesday book (1086). Lymington itself began as an Anglo-Saxon village.〔King, Edward: ''A Walk through Lymington'', 2nd e. (Southampton: Ensign, 1990)〕 The Jutes arrived in the area from the Isle of Wight in the 6th century and founded a settlement called ''Limentun''. The Old English word ''tun'' means a farm or hamlet whilst ''limen'' is derived from the Ancient British word '' *lemanos'' meaning elm tree.〔Coates, R 1993.The Place-Names of Hampshire. Ensign Southampton〕 The town is recorded in Domesday as "Lentune". About 1200, the lord of the manor, William de Redvers created the borough of New Lymington around the present quay and High Street, while Old Lymington comprised the rest of the parish. He gave the town its first charter and the right to hold a market.〔R. Bearman, ed.: ''Charters of the de Redvers Family and the Earldom of Devon, 1090–1217'' (Exeter: Devonshire Records Society, 1994)〕 The town became a parliamentary borough in 1585 returning two MPs until 1832, when its electoral base was expanded. Its representation was reduced to one MP under the Second Reform Act of 1867. It was subsumed into the New Forest Division under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885. Lymington was famous for making salt from the Middle Ages up to the 19th century. There was an almost continuous belt of salt workings along the coast toward Hurst Spit. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, Lymington possessed a military depot that included a number of foreign troops – mostly artillery but also several militia regiments. At the time of the Napoleonic Wars the King's German Legion-Artillery was based near Portchester Castle and sent sick soldiers to Lymington or Eling Hospital.〔Gabriele Eilert-Ebke, Hans Ebke, Journal der KGL-Artillerie 1804-1808|date=December 2012〕 As well as Germans and Dutch, there were French émigrés and French regiments.〔Huchet Patrick. 1795 - Quiberon, ou le destin de la France. Rennes : Ouest-France. 1995〕 They were raised to take part in the ill-fated Quiberon Invasion of France (1795), from which few returned (contrast the Battle of Quiberon Bay, or ''Bataille des Cardinaux'', a 1759 victory). From the early 19th century, Lymington had a thriving shipbuilding industry, particularly associated with Thomas Inman, builder of the schooner ''Alarm'', which famously raced the American yacht ''America'' in 1851.〔L B Mackinnon. Atlantic and Transatlantic: Sketches Afloat and Ashore. 1852〕 Much of the town centre is Victorian and Georgian, with narrow cobbled streets in the area of the quay, giving an air of quaintness. Lymington particularly promotes stories about its smuggling; there are unproven (unlikely) stories that under the High Street are smugglers' tunnels that run from the old inns to the town quay. Lymington was one of the boroughs reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835. In 1932 the borough was extended to include Milton (previously an urban district), the parishes of Milford on Sea and Pennington, and parts of Lymington Rural District, so extending it along the coast to the edge of Christchurch.〔(Vision of Britain: Lymington MB )〕 The borough of Lymington was abolished on 1 April 1974 under the terms of the Local Government Act 1972, becoming an unparished area in the district of New Forest, with Charter Trustees. The area was subsequently divided into the four parishes of New Milton, Lymington and Pennington, Milford-on-Sea and Hordle. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lymington」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|