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The Lorentz factor or Lorentz term is the factor by which time, length, and relativistic mass change for an object while that object is moving. The expression appears in several equations in special relativity, and it arises in derivations of the Lorentz transformations. The name originates from its earlier appearance in Lorentzian electrodynamics – named after the Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz.〔(One universe ), by Neil deGrasse Tyson, Charles Tsun-Chu Liu, and Robert Irion.〕 Due to its ubiquity, it is generally denoted with the symbol ''γ'' (Greek lowercase gamma). Sometimes (especially in discussion of superluminal motion) the factor is written as ''Γ'' (Greek uppercase-gamma) rather than ''γ''. ==Definition== The Lorentz factor is defined as: : where: * ''v'' is the relative velocity between inertial reference frames, * β is the ratio of ''v'' to the speed of light ''c''. * ''τ'' is the proper time for an observer (measuring time intervals in the observer's own frame), * ''t'' is coordinate time * ''c'' is the ''speed of light in a vacuum''. This is the most frequently used form in practice, though not the only one (see below for alternative forms). To complement the definition, some authors define the reciprocal:〔Yaakov Friedman, ''Physical Applications of Homogeneous Balls'', Progress in Mathematical Physics 40 Birkhäuser, Boston, 2004, pages 1-21.〕 : see velocity addition formula. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lorentz factor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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