翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Lithoprocris methyalea ・ Lithium–sulfur battery ・ Lithium–titanate battery ・ Lithivm ・ Litho Supplies ・ Lithoautotroph ・ Lithoautotrophy ・ Lithobates ・ Lithobatrachus ・ Lithobiidae ・ Lithobius ・ Lithobius forficatus ・ Lithobius microps ・ Lithobius variegatus ・ Lithobolia ・ Lithobolos ・ Lithobraking ・ Lithocarpus ・ Lithocarpus burkillii ・ Lithocarpus cleistocarpus ・ Lithocarpus crassinervius ・ Lithocarpus curtisii ・ Lithocarpus dodonaeifolius ・ Lithocarpus edulis ・ Lithocarpus erythrocarpus ・ Lithocarpus formosanus ・ Lithocarpus glaber ・ Lithocarpus hendersonianus ・ Lithocarpus indutus ・ Lithocarpus kingianus Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Lithobolos ： ウィキペディア英語版 Lithobolos A lithobolos or stone thrower was an artillery weapon used in ancient warfare and medieval warfare. These machines threw stones of 10 lb to 180 lb in weight. They looked alike and differed only in size: the dimensions being calculated by a complex mathematical formula based on the spring diameter.〔Warry, J. (1995). ''Warfare in the Classical World''. ''Pg.78'' Salamander Books Ltd., London: United Kingdom. ISBN 0-8061-2794-5〕 ==History== The first recorded stonethrowers were used by the Macedonian army of Alexander the Great during the siege of Halicarnassus in 334 BC. According to the Hellenistic engineer Philo of Byzantium, the common ''effective'' range against fortifications was with a load of ; at that distance, walls had to be thick to withstand the impact. Anti-personnel stonethrowers hurled much smaller balls, though arrow-shooters like the scorpio were preferred for these purposes. Super-heavy stonethrowers such as those fielded by Demetrius Poliorcetes in his siege of Rhodes (305-304 BC) threw stones of up to and could be brought close to the walls in siege-towers. Balls of such size were found in small numbers in the arsenals of Carthage and Pergamon, corroborating ancient reports of their use. The Roman artillery engineer Vitruv provided measurements for even more powerful stone-throwers, but it is not known whether these were ever used in combat. Modern experiments show that smaller projectiles could be hurled at least 400–500 metres, while ancient authors record maximum ranges of as much as . The Greeks, who wanted to protect the city of Syracuse against the Roman artillery had their own stonethrower made by Archimedes. 〔(Lithobolos schematic )〕 Archimedes called his stonethrower the lithobolos. 〔(Stone throwers )〕 Another stone thrower was supposedly built by Charon of Magnesia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lithobolos」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.