|
Lingeer (also: ''Linger'' or Linguère) was the title given to the mother or sister of a king〔Sheldon, Kathleen E., ''"Historical dictionary of women in Sub-Saharan Africa"'', vol. 1, Scarecrow Press, 2005, p 148 ISBN 0-8108-5331-0〕 in the Serer kingdoms of Sine, Saloum and previously the Kingdom of Baol; and the Wolof kingdoms of Cayor, Jolof, Baol and Waalo in pre-colonial Senegal. The word "Lingeer" means "queen" or "princess" in Serer and Wolof language.〔Klein, Martin A. ''"Islam and Imperialism in Senegal Sine-Saloum, 1847–1914."'' Edinburgh University Press (1968) pp 11-15 & 262, ISBN 0-85224-029-5〕 Although the royal title ''Lingeer'' is generally given to the mother or sister of the king, and sometimes the first wife of the king (the ''"Lingeer-Awo"''), the title can also mean a royal princess. In this case, it means a woman who can trace royal descent from both her paternal and maternal line. In Wolof and Serer tradition, a woman who can trace royal descent on both her paternal and maternal line automatically becomes a Lingeer. The male equivalent is ''Garmi'' (a man who can trace royal descent on both his paternal and maternal line). It is from these Lingeers (a woman of pure royal blood) that a king would seek to marry. The king himself is a member of the Garmi class. ==List of Lingeers== *Lingeer Fatim Beye (c. 1335), matriarch / founder of the Joos Maternal Dynasty, originally from Sine. She is an early ancestor of all the Joos who went on to rule Waalo. A Serer Princess and Queen of Sine. Once married to Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali. * Lingeer Fatoumata Sall, mother of the possibly mythical Ndiadiane Ndiaye (Emperor of Jolof, 1360〔Fage, John D., Oliver, Roland, "The Cambridge history of Africa: From c. 1600 to c. 1790", p 486, ISBN 0-521-20981-1〕).〔Glinga, Werner, Diop, Papa Samba, "Sénégal-Forum. IKO-Verlag für Interkulturelle Kommunikation, 1996. p 110, ISBN 3-88939-431-0〕〔Anyidoho, Kofi, "Cross rhythms", Volume 1, Occasional papers in African folklore, p 118, Trickster Press (1983)〕 * Lingeer Ndoye Demba (c. 1367), she was the founder of the Serer maternal dynasty of Joos in Waalo. Queen of Waalo, Princess of Sine. Grand-daughter of Lingeer Fatim Beye. * Lingeer Ndieumbeutt Mbodj, Queen of Waalo (died September 1846).〔Sheldon, Kathleen E., "Historical dictionary of women in Sub-Saharan Africa, vol. 1, Scarecrow Press, 2005, p. 148 ISBN 0-8108-5331-0〕 * Lingeer Ndaté Yalla Mbodj, sister of Ndieumbeutt Mbodj and Queen of Waalo. She succeeded her sister in 1846.〔Adande, Alexis B.A., & Arinze, Emmanuel, "The place of Women in the Museum of Saint-Louis, () ''Museums & urban culture in West Africa'', Institut africain international, Oxford, 2002, p. 145-146 ISBN 0-85255-276-9〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lingeer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|