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Landespolizei ((:ˌlandəspoliˈt͡saɪ), ''State police'') is the term used to refer to all police of any ''one'' of the states of Germany.〔OSCE entry http://polis.osce.org/countries/details.php?item_id=17#Country_Profile_Section_212〕 ==History== The ''Landespolizei'' in the meaning of today can trace its origins to the late 19th century Germany, when Germany united into a single country in 1871, under Otto von Bismarck. Various towns and cities also maintained police forces as the increasing number of new laws and regulations made controlling urban life more complicated.〔'Deutsche Einigungskriege' (Wars of German Unification), Bibliographisches Institut & F. A. Brockhaus AG, Mannheim http://m.schuelerlexikon.de/mobile_geschichte/Deutsche_Einigungskriege.htm, retrieved April 9, 2015〕〔§ 10 II 17, ALR ('Allgemeines Landesrecht für die preußischen Staaten', General state laws for the Prussian states), 1794〕 In Nazi Germany, all state and city forces were absorbed into the ''Ordnungspolizei'' which existed from 1936 to 1945.〔Article 'Die Ordnungspolizei' (The Order Police) from 'Lexikon der Wehrmacht' (Lexicon of Wehrmacht) http://www.lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de/Zusatz/OrPo/Ordnungspolizei.htm, retrieved April 9, 2015〕 After World War II, massive numbers of refugees and displaced persons, hunger and poverty characterised everyday life in Germany. Attacks by armed gangs, robbery, looting and black-marketing were commonplace and the military police could not cope with this troubling security situation. So each of the Western Allies quickly permitted the formation of civilian police forces, including small numbers of heavily armed and military like organised police forces, in Western Germany under terms that reflected their own police structures and traditions. In all three Western zones, the emphasis was to decentralise, demilitarise and democratise the police. Some restrictions were lifted as Cold War tensions grew and certain police functions necessitated central rather than local direction. The ''Landespolizei'' became the police force for the federal states in the West. East Germany created a unified national force in the form of the ''Volkspolizei'', however this was reorganized according to the West German police upon the reunification of Germany in 1990. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Landespolizei」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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