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''This article is about the Greek term. For the rock album see Kleos (album).'' ''Kleos'' (Greek: κλέος) is the Greek word often translated to "renown", or "glory". It is related to the word "to hear" and carries the implied meaning of "what others hear about you". A Greek hero earns ''kleos'' through accomplishing great deeds, often through his own death. According to Gregory Nagy, besides the meaning of "glory", ''Kleos'' can also be used as the medium (in this case, the ancient Greek poetry or song) which conveys glory.〔Gregory Nagy. ''The Ancient Greek Hero in 24 Hours'' CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS: Belknap Press. pp 26.〕 ''Kleos'' is invariably transferred from father to son; the son is responsible for carrying on and building upon the "glory" of the father. This is a reason for Penelope putting off her suitors for so long, and one justification for Medea's murder of her own children was to cut short Jason's Kleos. ''Kleos'' is a common theme in Homer's epics, the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', the main example in the latter being that of Odysseus and his son Telemachus, who is concerned that his father may have died a pathetic and pitiable death at sea rather than a reputable and gracious one in battle. The ''Iliad'' is about gaining ultimate ''kleos'' on the battlefields of Troy while the ''Odyssey'' is the ten-year quest of Odysseus' ''nostos'' (or return journey). Telemachus fears that he has been deprived of ''kleos''. This links to hereditary ''kleos''. ''Kleos'' is sometimes related to ''aidos'' — the sense of shame. ==Etymology== According to Gregory Nagy, ''Kleos'' is a noun, derived from the verb ''kluein'', which means 'hear'.〔Gregory Nagy. ''The Ancient Greek Hero in 24 Hours'' CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS: Belknap Press. pp 51.〕 From other source, the Greek term kleos is derived from the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) term '' *ḱlewos'', which expressed a similar concept in PIE society. As the PIE people had no concept of the continuation of the individual after life, one could only hope to achieve '' *ḱlewos *ndhgwhitom'', or "the fame that does not decay."〔Schmitt, Rüdiger. ''Dichtung und Dichtersprache in indogermanischer Zeit.'' Weisbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. pp 61-102.〕 As Bruce Lincoln notes, "In a universe where impersonal matter endured forever but the personal self was extinguished at death, the most which could survive of that self was a rumor, a reputation. For this, the person craving immortality—a condition proper only to the gods and antithetical to human existence—was totally reliant on poets and poetry."〔Lincoln, Bruce. ''Death, War, And Sacrifice: Studies in Ideology and Practice.'' Chicago UP. 1991. pp 15.〕 Cognates include Sanskrit, श्रवस् (''śravas''); Avestan, 𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬬𐬀𐬵; Armenian, լու (''low''); Old Church Slavonic ''slava'', and Old Irish, clú. Compare to the Greek: κλύω (''kluō'' - I hear''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kleos」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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