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The Kilpisjärvi Atmospheric Imaging Receiver Array (KAIRA) is an astronomical observatory operated by the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory on behalf of Oulu University. It is located at Kilpisjärvi, Enontekiö near the border with Norway. It comprises two LOFAR-derived radio telescope systems and is capable of observing at HF and VHF radio frequencies. It is used for atmospheric, near-Earth space and astronomical research. KAIRA uses LOFAR phased-array antennas and digital signal-processing hardware. It operates as either a stand-alone passive receiver, as a receiver for the EISCAT VHF incoherent scatter radar located at Ramfjordmoen, near Tromsø, Norway, or for use in conjunction with other regional VHF experiments.〔 The site is also a pathfinder for the EISCAT_3D system.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=SGO: KAIRA )〕 The system consists of a phased array receivers grouped in two separate arrays – one composed of 48 LOFAR Low-Band Antennas (LBA) covering the 10–90 MHz band and another composed of 48 LOFAR High-Band Antenna (HBA) covering the 110–270 MHz range. The HBA array is oriented in the direction of the EISCAT Tromsø radar, which transmits at approximately 224 MHz.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=SGO: KAIRA Data Sheet )〕 Together with the EISCAT transmitter, KAIRA forms a bistatic radar system, capable on performing observation with at least 20 simultaneously beams pointing at different altitudes along the EISCAT transmitter beams.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Lag-profile inversion )〕 The LBA array has been configured approximately the same as the inner configuration of a LOFAR remote station (RS-INNER). The circular, quasi-random antenna distribution has been chosen to optimise the beam pattern of the array. The LBA array is used for radio astronomy, ionospheric scintillation, riometry and other passive receiver experiments. ==See also== * EISCAT * LOFAR 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「KAIRA」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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