| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Hysteriaceae ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Hysteriaceae
The Hysteriaceae (also known as Dothideomycetes, Ascomycotina, Eumycota) are a taxonomic family of fungi and the only extant family belonging to the order Hysteriales. Members of the Hysteriaceae are defined by the possession of a sexual structure called the hysterothecium, an elongated structure that opens by a longitudinal slit and releases sexually produced spores. The family is widely distributed, with many species found in temperate regions, and most are saprobic on wood and bark, although a few are parasitic on plants.
==Description==
The defining feature of this group—the hysterothecium—is a dense, persistent darkly colored structure, with a boat-like shape and a pronounced lengthwise slit. Hysterothecia are capable of opening partially to reveal a lenticular (lens-shaped), disk-like hymenium or closing tightly in response to relative humidity. They can be embedded in the substratum, bursting through the surface of the substratum (erumpent), or rest entirely on the surface. They can be solitary or in groups, ellipsoid to greatly elongated, and are sometimes branched, triradiate or borne on a crust- or net-like growth of mycelium (a subiculum).〔Zogg H. (1962). Die Hysteriaceae ''s. str''. und Lophiaceae. ''Beitr Kryptogamenfl Schweiz'' 11: 1–190.〕 In vertical section, hysterothecia are globose to inversely ovoid (obovoid), with a thick three-layered peridium, composed of small pseudoparenchymatous cells, the outer layer heavily encrusted with pigment and often longitudinally striated in age, the middle layer lighter in pigmentation and the inner layer distinctly thin-walled, pallid and compressed.〔Barr ME. (1987). Prodromus to class Loculoascomycetes. Hamilton I. Newell, Inc., Amherst, Massachusetts: M.E. Barr Bigelow. 168 p.〕
The hamathecium (hyphae or other tissues between asci) is composed of persistent cellular pseudoparaphyses (hyphae originating above the level of the asci and growing downwards between the developing asci), in a gel matrix, with tips often darkened or branched at maturity to form an epithecium (the external layer of tissue of the fruiting body of lichens and fungi, formed by the union of the tips of the paraphyses over the spore sacs). Bitunicate (double-walled) asci are borne in a basal layer and at maturity are typically club-shaped to cylindrical, bearing eight ascospores, overlapping in two series, ranging from hyaline to dark brown, obovoid, clavate, ellipsoid or fusoid. Ascospores are highly diverse in septation, and range from didymospores to phragmospores to dityospores, at times surrounded by a gel coating, and often show bipolar asymmetry.〔〔
The Hysteriaceae are panglobal in distribution〔〔Amano N. (1983). Saprobic loculoascoycetous fungi from Japan 1. Hysteriaceous fungi. ''Trans mycol Soc Japan'' 24: 283–297.〕〔Checa J, Shoemaker RA, Umaña L. (2007). Some new hysteriaceous fungi from Costa Rica. ''Mycologia'' 99: 285–290.〕〔Lee S, Crous PW. (2003). Taxonomy and biodiversity of hysteriaceous ascomycetes in fynbos. ''S Afr J Bot'' 69: 480–488.〕〔Lorenzo LE, Messuti MI. (1998). Noteworthy Hysteriaceae from southern South America. ''Mycol Res'' 102: 1101–1107.〕〔Messuti MI, Lorenzo LE. (1997). A new species of Hysterium from Patagonia, Argentina. ''Mycol Res'' 101: 302–304.〕〔Messuti MI, Lorenzo LE. (2003). Notes on the genus Hysterographium (Ascomycota, Hysteriaceae) in southern South America. ''Nova Hedwigia'' 76: 451-458.〕〔Teng SC. 1933. Notes on Hysteriales from China. ''Sinensia'' 4: 129–144.〕〔van der Linde EJ. (1992). Notes on the South African Hysteriaceae (Ascomyctes: Mycotina). ''S Afr J Bot''58: 491–499.〕〔Vasilyeva LN. (1999a). Hysteriaceous fungi in the Russian Far East I. Hysterium. ''Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya'' 33: 225–227.〕〔Vasilyeva LN. (1999b). Hysteriaceous fungi in the Russian Far East II. The genus Hysterographium. ''Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya'' 33: 297–301.〕〔Vasilyeva LN. (2000). Hysteriaceous fungi in the Russian Far East III. Glonium and Actidiographium. ''Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya'' 34: 3–5.〕 and are primarily lignicolous or corticolous (living on bark), although recently a saxicolous and apparently lichenized species has been described from Tasmania.〔Kantvilas G, Coppins BJ. (1997). ''Melaspilea circumserpens'' Nyl. rediscovered and referred to ''Glonium'', with discussion on the provenance of some of Robert Brown’s lichen specimens.''Lichenol''. 29: 525–531.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Hysteriaceae」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|