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The history of robots has its origins on the ancient world. The modern concept began to be developed with the onset of the Industrial Revolution which allowed for the use of complex mechanics and the subsequent introduction of electricity. This made it possible to power machines with small compact motors. In the early 20th century, the notion of a humanoid machine was developed. Today, it is now possible to envisage human sized robots with the capacity for near human thoughts and movement. The first uses of modern robots were in factories as industrial robots – simple fixed machines capable of manufacturing tasks which allowed production without the need for human assistance. Digitally controlled industrial robots and robots making use of artificial intelligence have been built since the 1960s. ==Early legends== Concepts of artificial servants and companions date at least as far back as the ancient legends of Cadmus, who sowed dragon teeth that turned into soldiers, and the myth of Pygmalion whose statue of Galatea came to life. Many ancient mythologies included artificial people, such as the talking mechanical handmaidens built by the Greek god Hephaestus (Vulcan to the Romans) out of gold, the clay golems of Jewish legend and clay giants of Norse legend. Chinese legend relates that in the 10th century BC, Yan Shi made an automaton resembling a human in an account from the ''Lie Zi'' text. In Greek mythology, Hephaestus created utilitarian three-legged tables that could move about under their own power and a bronze man, Talos, that defended Crete. Talos was eventually destroyed by Media who cast a lightning bolt at his single vein of lead. To take the golden fleece Jason was also required to tame two fire breathing bulls with bronze hooves; and like Cadmus he sowed the teeth of a dragon into soldiers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lives of the Necromancers )〕 The Indian ''Lokapannatti'' (11th/12th century) tells the story of King Ajatashatru of Magadha who gathered the Buddhas relics and hid them in an underground stupa. The Buddhas relics were protected by mechanical robots (bhuta vahana yanta), from the kingdom of Roma visaya; until they were disarmed by King Ashoka. In the Egyptian legend of Rocail, the younger brother of Seth created a palace and a sepulcher containing autonomous statues that lived out the lives of men so realistically they were mistaken for having souls.〔 In Christian legend, several of the men associated with the introduction of Arabic learning (and, through it, the reintroduction of Aristotle and Hero's works) to medieval Europe devised brazen heads that could answer questions posed to them. Albertus Magnus was supposed to have constructed an entire android who could perform some domestic tasks but was destroyed by Albert's student Thomas Aquinas for disturbing his thought.〔 The most famous legend concerned a bronze head devised by Roger Bacon which was destroyed or scrapped after he missed its moment of operation.〔 Automata were popular in the imaginary worlds of medieval literature. For instance, the Middle Dutch tale ''Roman van Walewein'' ("The Romance of Walewein", early 13th century) described mechanical birds and angels producing sound by means of systems of pipes.〔Haug, "''Walewein'' as a postclassical literary experiment", pp. 23–4; ''Roman van Walewein'', ed. G.A. van Es, ''De Jeeste van Walewein en het Schaakbord van Penninc en Pieter Vostaert'' (Zwolle, 1957): 877 ff and 3526 ff.〕〔See also P. Sullivan, "Medieval Automata: The 'Chambre de beautés' in Benoît's ''Roman de Troie''." ''Romance Studies'' 6 (1985): 1–20.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of robots」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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