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Haḍra ((アラビア語:حضرة)) is a collective supererogatory ritual performed by Sufi orders. It is often held on Thursday evenings after the night prayer, on Fridays after Jum`a prayer or on Sunday evenings, and can also celebrated on special Islamic festivals and at rites of passage. It may be held at home, in a mosque, in a Sufi hospice or elsewhere.〔http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e761?_hi=8&_pos=1〕 The term in Arabic literally means "presence". The hadra features various forms of dhikr (remembrance), including sermons, collective study, recitation of Qur'an and other texts (especially devotional texts particular to the Sufi order (tariqa) in question, called ''hizb'' and ''wird''), religious poetic chanting, centering on praise and supplication to God, religious exhortations, praise of the Prophet and requests for intercession (''inshad dini'' or ''madih'' - the latter term referring literally to "praise") and rhythmic invocations of God using one or more divine names, especially ''Allah'', ''Hayy'', ''Qayyum'' or simply ''Hu'' ("He"), as well as the testimony of faith and tawhid, ''la ilaha illa Allah'' (there is no god but Allah). Rhythmic recitation of names and chanting of religious poetry are frequently performed together. In conservative Sufi orders no instruments are used, or the daf (frame drum) only; other orders employ a range of instrumentation. The collective Sufi ritual is practiced under this name primarily in the Arab world but also in some non-Arab Muslim countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia. In Turkish Sufism the Hadra is often referred to as the ''Devran'' and is a feature of the Khalwati, Shadhili, Qadiri and Rifa'i orders throughout Turkey and the Balkans. ==See also== * Dhikr * Durood * Dua * Hamd * Madih nabawi * Mawlid * Mehfil * Na'at * Nasheed * Arabic music * Arabic poetry * Islamic music * Islamic poetry * Sufi music * Sufi poetry * Sufism * Whirling dervish * Ya Muhammad 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haḍra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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