|
}} | settlement_type = Special city | image_skyline = Hachinohe city hall.jpg | imagesize = 300px | image_alt = | image_caption = Hachinohe City Hall | image_flag = Flag of Hachinohe, Aomori.pngborder | flag_alt = | image_seal = Symbol of Hachinohe Aomori.svg | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | image_blank_emblem = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Hachinohe in Aomori Prefecture Ja.svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Location of Hachinohe in Aomori Prefecture | pushpin_map = Japan | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | latd=40 | latm=30| lats=44.2| latNS=N | longd=141 | longm=29 | longs=18.2 | longEW= E | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_footnotes = | coordinates_region = JP | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Japan | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Tōhoku | subdivision_type2 = Prefecture | subdivision_name2 = Aomori Prefecture | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = - Mayor | leader_name = Makoto Kobayashi | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | total_type = | unit_pref = | area_magnitude = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 305.54 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 231337 | population_as_of = September 1, 2015 | population_density_km2 = 757 | population_est = | pop_est_as_of = | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone1 = Japan Standard Time | utc_offset1 = +9 | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | blank_name_sec1 = City symbols | blank_info_sec1 = | blank1_name_sec1 = - Tree | blank1_info_sec1 = Japanese yew | blank2_name_sec1 = - Flower | blank2_info_sec1 = Chrysanthemum | blank3_name_sec1 = - Bird | blank3_info_sec1 = Black-tailed gull | blank4_name_sec1 = | blank4_info_sec1 = | blank5_name_sec1 = | blank5_info_sec1 = | blank6_name_sec1 = | blank6_info_sec1 = | blank7_name_sec1 = | blank7_info_sec1 = | blank_name_sec2 = Phone number | blank_info_sec2 = 0178-43-2111 | blank1_name_sec2 = Address | blank1_info_sec2 = 1-1-1 Uchimaru, Hachinohe-shi, Aomori-ken 031-8686 | website = | footnotes = }} is a city in southeastern Aomori Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of Japan. As of September 2015, the city had an estimated population of 231,337 and a population density of 757 persons per km2 (1,997 persons per sq. mi.). This makes it the second biggest city of Aomori prefecture. The total area was . ==History== The area around Hachinohe has been occupied since prehistoric times, and was a major population center for the Emishi people. Numerous Jomon period remains have been discovered within the borders of Hachinohe. The area was nominally under control of the Northern Fujiwara in the Heian period, and became part of the holdings granted to the Nanbu clan after the defeat of the North Fujiwara by Minamoto Yoritomo in the Kamakura period. The Nanbu established numerous horse ranches, accompanied by numbered fortified settlements. During the Edo period, it was initially part of Morioka Domain, but in 1664 the Tokugawa Shogunate authorized the creation of a separate 20,000 ''koku'' Hachinohe Domain for a branch line of the Nanbu clan. The town prospered as a castle town centered on Hachinohe Castle, and served as a small commercial centre and port for the fishing grounds off southeastern Hokkaido. Today, the port still serves the fishing industry and a number of international cargo vessels. After the Meiji Restoration, Hachinohe Domain was abolished, and replaced by Hachinohe Prefecture, which was subsequently merged into Aomori Prefecture. Initially, there was a debate as to whether the capital of newly formed Aomori Prefecture should be at Hachinohe or Hirosaki; however, due to strong rivalry between the former Nanbu domain and former Tsugaru Domain, the Meiji government decided to build a new town called Aomori in a central location, and to designate it as the capital of the prefecture. Per the establishment of the municipalities system on April 1, 1889, the town of Hachinohe was created within Sannohe District. In 1901, it merged with neighboring Chōja, and on May 1, 1929 with neighboring Konakano, Minato and Same villages to form the city of Hachinohe. The city further expanded by annexing the village of Shimonaganawashiro in 1942, Korekawa in 1954, Ichikawa, Kaminaganawashiro, Tachi and Toyosaki in 1955 and Odate in 1958. On March 31, 2005, the village of Nangō (from Sannohe District) was also merged into Hachinohe. During the American occupation of Japan following World War II, a United States Army base, Camp Haugen, was located in Hachinohe, and was the home of the Seventh Division. An Armed Forces Radio Service radio station was located on the base; it was known as AFRS Hachinohe. In 1950, after the North Korean invasion of South Korea, troops from Camp Haugen left for Korea. AFRS Hachinohe altered its broadcasts to include coverage of South Korea so Americans could benefit from its news and entertainment programs. From December 2002, the northern terminus of the Tōhoku Shinkansen has been at Hachinohe Station, connecting it to Tokyo Station in under three hours. In March 2011, the city was one of those hit by the 2011 Japanese tsunami. The tsunami tossed many huge fishing boats ashore and heavily damaged the port area. About 100 homes were destroyed.〔Flack, T. D., "(Misawa residents pull clean-up duty at nearby fishing port )", ''Stars and Stripes'', 17 March 2011, retrieved 18 March 2011.〕 Divers from the United States Navy ship ''Safeguard'' joined with Japanese workers to help clear the port to facilitate the delivery of relief supplies via the city.〔Johnson, Christopher, "(U.S. Helps Clear Vital Japan Harbor )", ''Washington Times'', 27 March 2011, retrieved 30 March 2011.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hachinohe, Aomori」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|