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The Gorbals is an area on the south bank of the River Clyde in the city of Glasgow, Scotland. By the late 19th century it had become over-populated and adversely affected by local industrialisation. Many people lived here because their jobs provided their homes and they could not afford their own. It became widely known as a dangerous slum associated with the problems of drunkenness and crime. It was subject to efforts at redevelopment, which contributed to more problems such as homelessness and the spread of disease. In recent decades, much of the area has been demolished and redeveloped with a mixture of market and social housing. Some buildings are being refurbished and restored to a higher standard. Currently there is an active campaign to reinstate the Cross, organised by locals and Facebook page, Old Gorbals Pictures (Heritage Group). The group have discovered that a copy of the original cross exists on the Caribbean Island of St Kitts & Nevis and are working to engage professional help to digitally scan this object to allow for the manufacture of another Gorbals Cross, No 3 to be built in the new development near to where it originally stood. ==Meaning of placename== The name is first documented in the 15th and 16th centuries as 'Gorbaldis', and its etymology is unclear. It may be related to the Latin word ''garbale'' (sheaf), found in the Scots term ''garbal teind'' (tenth sheaf), a tithe of corn given to a parish rector. The taking of ''garbal teind'' was a right given to George Elphinstone in 1616 as part of his 19-year ''tack'' (lease). The placename would therefore mean "the Sheaves". The name is remarkably similar to a Lowland Scots word ''gorbal/gorbel/garbal/garbel'' (unfledged bird), perhaps a reference to lepers who were allowed to beg for alms in public. Any Gaelic form of the name is conjectural, since none survives from medieval times. ''Gort a' bhaile'' (garden of the town) conforms with certain suggestions made by A.G. Callant in 1888, but it is possible to produce a list of other interpretations. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the area was home to large numbers of immigrants from the Scottish Highlands, Italy and Ireland, attracted by the industrial jobs and leaving social problems and poverty in their homelands. It also housed the new wave of Jewish immigrants from Eastern and Central Europe, and housed the great majority of Scotland's Jewish population. The Jewish population moved out of the area as it rose in education and economic class; although the Irish-Catholic population has diminished to an extent, many have remained since the area's redevelopment. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gorbals」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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