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Galmunwang
Galmunwang (갈문왕, 葛文王; wang=king) was a title used in the early period of the Korean kingdom of Silla. Its precise meaning and function are not known. From Korean sources, namely the Samguk Sagi, it would appear that the title of Galmunwang was granted to very high-ranking personages in early Silla and was equivalent to the king but without right of succession. It seems to have been granted to the chiefs of lineages of the clans of the reigning king, queen, and royal mother. As Lee Kibaik pointed out, the granting of the title of Galmunwang reflected the close relationship between the monarch and the other high noble families in early Silla.〔Lee Kibaik, ''Silla jeongchi sahoesa yeonggu'' (in Silla Socio–Political History ). Seoul: Iljogak (2002),p. 311.〕 The granting of the title Galmunwang was discontinued during the middle period of Silla following the accession of King Muyeol, reflecting the augmentation of royal authority at the expense of that of the nobility following Silla unification of the peninsula. During the late period of Silla, however, something akin to the Galmunwang was reinstituted.
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