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Fanagalo is a pidgin (simplified language) based primarily on Zulu, with English and a small Afrikaans input. It is used as a lingua franca, mainly in the gold, diamond, coal and copper mining industries in South Africa and to a lesser extent in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Although it is used as a second language only, the number of speakers was estimated as "several hundred thousand" in 1975. As with India, once the British went, English became the lingua franca enabling different tribes in the same country to communicate with each other, and Fanagalo use declined. Fanagalo is the only Zulu-based pidgin language, and is a rare example of a pidgin based on an indigenous language rather than on the language of a colonising or trading power. The variety in Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) is known as Chilapalapa and is influenced by Shona, while the variety in Zambia (Northern Rhodesia), called Cikabanga〔http://www.greatnorthroad.org/boma/Image:Chikabanga_p01.jpg〕 (pronounced, and sometimes spelt, Chikabanga), is influenced by Bemba. ==Etymology== The name "Fanagalo" comes from strung-together Nguni forms fana-ga-lo meaning "like + of + that" and has the meaning "do it like this", reflecting its use as a language of instruction. Other spellings of the name are ''Fanakalo'' and ''Fanekolo''. It is also known as ''Isikula, Lololo'' or ''Isilololo, Piki'' or ''Isipiki'', and ''Silunguboi''. In the Nguni tongues, the prefix ''Mu-'' or ''Ma-'' implies the singular, while ''Bu-'' or ''Ba-'' signifies the plural - hence ''Muntu'' = a man; ''Bantu'' = men, particularly when applied to tribes, e.g. ''Ma-tabele''. Similarly, the prefix ''Chi-'' or ''Si-'' indicates the language spoke by that tribe. e.g. men of the ''Lozi'' tribe are called ''Ba-rotse'', and they speak ''Si-lozi''; Bembas speak Chiwemba; Tswanas live in Botswana, or as it used to be written, Bechuanaland. Chi-lapa-lapa thus is the "language" derived from ''lapa'' = "there", with repetition for emphasis. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fanagalo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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