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Falun ((:2fɑːlɵnː)) is a city and the seat of Falun Municipality in Dalarna County, Sweden, with 37,291 inhabitants in 2010.〔 It is also the capital of Dalarna County. Falun forms, together with Borlänge, a metropolitan area with close to 100,000 inhabitants. Falun was originally famous for its copper mine, and is today an important service and industrial city even though the mine is closed (since 1992). Faluån is a river, floating through the city, separating it into two sides. Falu copper mine is located on one of the sides which during many centuries was one of Sweden's main business. This side of the river was usually called "the mining side", where not many plants grew due to the toxic smoke which contaminated the soil. On the other side of the river, where the smoke did not reach, sets a large number of beautiful, large villas, which made this side to be called "the delightful side". The center of Falun consist of classical pedestrian streets with small shops. in 1998, the city reclaimed the award of "the city center of the year" in Sweden. The year 2001, the city, the copper mine and mining areas of Falun were added to the list of world heritage sites by the United Nations, which means that the city is worth preserving, as it is considered to be of interest for all of humanity. Dalarna University, with its 18 000 students, has a campus located in Falun - close to the national ski stadium where the ski world championship has taken place a number of times, including the last one in 2015. Known trademarks from Falun are Falu rödfärg, Falu rågrut, Falu ättika and Falukorv and the Cat sculpture. == History == The town of Falun is known to have existed in the 14th century as a market place for the surrounding lands. Mining for copper had been a local business since the mid-13th century, or possibly as early as 1000,〔()〕 and the organisation for the extracting of copper and gold from the Great Copper Mountain is believed to be the oldest still-existing enterprise in the world, proved active since 1347, when its charter was granted by King Magnus IV of Sweden. The first share in the company is dated as early as 1288. However, an enterprise at that time was nothing more than a cooperation among the owners, each contributing with a share of money for constructions, tools, ''etc.'', necessary to run the organisation. Depending on their contribution they could use the facilities and share the profit according to the relative share they contributed. File:falun1.jpg|Falun Center File:falun2.jpg|House in Falun File:falun3.jpg|View from ski-jump on Falun File:StKbka2.JPG|The "Great Copper Mountain Church" (''Stora Kopparbergs kyrka'') File:Church Falun.jpg|Church in Falun The city of Falun received its privileges in 1641. By then Falun was already one of the largest cities in Sweden, with about 6000 inhabitants. Soon, however, the importance of the copper mine began to decrease. In 1687, parts of the mine collapsed in a landslide, creating an 100 m deep pit.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.kopparberget.com/en/Falu-Gruva/Visit-us/History-of-Falu-Mine/ )〕 Even though the mine remained in use for the next 300 years, the production gradually diminished, until it closed down in 1992. The mining area of the Great Copper Mountain has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which also was the name of the mining company of Falun, is today a part of Stora Enso. During World War II, Falun was the place where the authorities of "interned" British and American airmen who happened to land in Sweden, or reached the country after landing in German-controlled territories. Unlike civilian refugees from Germany, who were kept in interment camps throughout the country, British and American airmen were placed in hotels and bed and breakfast establishments in the Falun area, and enjoyed relative freedom.〔Jöran Granberg, (of the Framby Internment Camp in Falun Sweden, 1942-1944 ), 2008〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Falun」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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