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Esphigmenou
Esphigmenou monastery ((ギリシア語:Μονή Εσφιγμένου)) is an Eastern Orthodox monastery in the monastic state of Mount Athos in Greece, dedicated to the Ascension of Christ. It is built next to the sea at the northern part of the Athonite peninsula. Located near the Hilandar monastery, it is the northernmost of all Athonite monasteries. The current monastery dates back to the 10th century, while tradition holds that the site had been used as a monastery since as early as the 5th century. Esphigmenou ranks eighteenth in the hierarchy of the Athonite monasteries and since the early 1970s has embroiled in legal and ecclesiastical disputes. This is the largest monastery on Mt. Athos, with around 100 monks.
==Name==
The monastery's name translates to Greek literally as ''tightened''. There exist conflicting traditions regarding the naming of the monastery. One attributes the name to the fact that the monastery is built on a stretch of land, tightened by three surrounding hills and the sea. John Comnenus, a 17th-century metropolitan of Drystra, wrote in his book ''Proskynetarion tou Agiou Orous tou Athonos'' (Greek: ''Προσκυνητάριον του Αγίου Όρους του Άθωνος''),
It is called ''Esphigmenou'' because it is restricted by three small mountains, close to the sea.〔Stylianos M. Pelekanidēs, (The Treasures of Mount Athos: The monasteries of Iveron, St. Panteleimon, Esphigmenou, and Chilandari ), Ekdotike Athenon, 1974, p. 200〕〔''(Προσκυνητάριον του Αγίου Όρους του Άθωνος )'', WorldCat〕
Another tradition attributes the name to the monk that either founded or renovated the monastery. It recounts that he used to wear a tight rope around his waist, therefore the monastery got the name "of the tightened".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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