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Erdstall : ウィキペディア英語版
Erdstall

An erdstall is a type of tunnel found across Europe. They are of unknown origin but are believed to date from the Middle Ages. A variety of purposes have been theorized, including that they were used as escape routes or hiding places, but the most prominent theory is that they served a religious or spiritual purpose.〔
== Etymology ==
There are very few historic references - a document from 1449 names the area above the tunnels as "auf den erdstelln". Although the modern term uses "Stall" (stable, shed) it is in fact related to "Stelle" (spot, location - cognate to English "stead") along with "Erde" (soil, ground - cognate to English "earth"). The German "Stollen" (tunnel in mining) has the same origin.
Alternative regional names are "Schratzlloch" (Bavaria), "Zwergloch" and "Grufen" (Austria) that carry the regional names for dwarfs that folk belief has connected them to.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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