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The electroglottograph, or EGG, (sometimes referred to as a laryngograph) is a device for the noninvasive measurement of the time variation of the degree of contact between the vibrating vocal folds during voice production. Though it is difficult to verify the assumption precisely, the aspect of contact being measured by a typical EGG unit is considered to be the vocal fold contact area (VFCA).〔Lecluse FLE, Brocaar MP, Verschurre J. The electoglottography and its relation to glottal activity. Fol Phoniatr 1975; 27: 215-24.〕〔Fourcin AJ, Abberton E. First applications of a new laryngograph. Med Biol Illus 1971; 21: 172-82.〕 To measure VFCA, an EGG records variations in the transverse electrical impedance of the larynx and nearby tissues by means of a small A/C electric current in the megaHertz region applied by electrodes on the surface of the neck. This electrical impedance will vary slightly with the area of contact between the moist vocal folds during that part of the glottal vibratory cycle in which the folds are in contact. However, because the percentage variation in the neck impedance caused by vocal fold contact can be extremely small and varies considerably between subjects, no absolute measure of contact area is obtained, only the pattern of variation for a given subject. Early commercial available EGG units were compared quite thoroughly by Baken.〔Baken RJ. Clinical measurement of speech and voice. Boston: College Hill Press, 1987.〕 However, using modern low noise electronics, EGG noise levels can be brought down enough so that the noise is approximately 40dB (a factor of 100) less than a typical EGG signal from an adult voice. In addition, by the use of multiple channels simultaneously, the technique can be made easier to use and more reliable by giving the user an indication of the correct positioning of the electrodes, and providing a quantitative measure of vertical movements of the larynx during voice production.〔(Rothenberg, M. A Multichannel Electroglottograph, Journal of Voice, Vol. 6., No. 1, pp. 36-43,1992. )〕 Electroglottograph signals have found use in stroboscope synchronization, voice fundamental frequency tracking, tracking vocal fold abductory movements〔(Rothenberg, M and Mahshie, JJ. Monitoring vocal fold abduction through vocal fold contact area. J Speech Hear Res; 31, 338-51, 1988. )〕 and the study of the singing voice.〔Miller, D.G., Resonance in Singing, Inside View Press, June 2008. ISBN 978-0-9755307-5-7〕 Electroglottographic wavegrams are a new technique for displaying and analyzing EGG signals. The technique provides an intuitive means for quickly assessing vocal fold contact phenomena and their variation over time.〔Herbst, C. T., Fitch, W. T., and Svec, J. G. (2010). "Electroglottographic wavegrams: a technique for visualizing vocal fold dynamics noninvasively," J Acoust Soc Am 128, 3070-3078. - http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3493423〕 ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Electroglottograph」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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