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Dungannon : ウィキペディア英語版
Dungannon

Dungannon ()〔(Placenames Database of Ireland )〕 is a town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the third-largest town in the county (after Omagh and Strabane) and had a population of 15,889 at the 2011 Census. The Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council has its headquarters in the town.
For centuries, it was the 'capital' of the O'Neill dynasty, who dominated most of Ulster and built a castle on the hill. After the O'Neills defeat in the Nine Years' War, the English founded a Plantation town on the site, which grew into what is now Dungannon.
Dungannon has won Ulster in Bloom's ''Best Kept Town Award'' five times. Today, it has the highest percentage of immigrants of any town in Northern Ireland.
==History==
For centuries, Dungannon's fortunes were closely tied to that of the O'Neill dynasty which ruled a large part of Ulster until the 17th century. Dungannon was the clan's main stronghold. The traditional site of inauguration for 'The O'Neill', was Tullyhogue Fort, an Iron Age mound some four miles northeast of Dungannon. The clan O'Hagan were the stewards of this site for the O'Neills. In the 14th century the O'Neills built a castle on what is today known as Castle Hill; the location was ideal for a fort as it was one of the highest points in the area, and dominated the surrounding countryside with the ability to see seven counties depending on the weather.
This castle was burned in 1602 by Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone as Crown forces under Lord Mountjoy closed in on the Gaelic lords towards the end of the Nine Years' War. In 1607, ninety-nine Irish chieftains and their followers, including Hugh O'Neill, set sail from Rathmullan, bound for the continent. What followed became known as the Plantation of Ulster and the town and its castle were granted to Sir Arthur Chichester, one of the architects of the Plantation.
In 1641 after seizing the town in the opening stages of the Irish Rebellion, Sir Phelim O'Neill issued the Proclamation of Dungannon in which the rebels set out their aims and proclaimed their loyalty to Charles I. O'Neill hinted that they had been ordered to rise by the King and later produced a commission which he claimed Charles had issued to him.
The castle was partially excavated in October 2007, by the Channel 4 archaeological show ''Time Team'', uncovering part of the moate and walls of the castle.〔(Dungannon castle explored ), belfasttelegraph.co.uk, 19 October 2007.〕
In 1973, the town became the seat of the new district of the Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council. In 1782, the town was the location where the independence of the Irish Parliament was declared by members of the Protestant Ascendancy who controlled the parliament at the time.〔'Dungannon' from Britannica 2001 Deluxe Edition CD-ROM, 1999–2000.〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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