|
Dolma is a family of stuffed vegetable dishes common in the Middle East and surrounding regions including the Balkans, the Caucasus, Russia and Central Asia. Common vegetables to stuff include tomato, pepper, onion, zucchini, eggplant, and garlic. The stuffing may or may not include meat. Meat dolmas are generally served warm, often with egg-lemon or garlic yogurt sauce; meatless ones are generally served cold. Stuffed vegetables are also common in Italian cuisine, where they are named ''ripieni'' ("stuffed").〔Gosetti (1967), passim〕 Dishes of grape or cabbage leaves wrapped around a filling are also called ''dolma'' or ''yaprak dolma'' ('leaf dolma') in many cuisines, or may be distinguished as ''sarma''. ==Names and etymology== Dolma (Ottoman Turkish طولمه,) is a verbal noun of the Turkish verb ''dolmak'', "to be stuffed," and means "stuffed (thing)."〔http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/dolma〕〔(Merriam-Webster Online - Dolma )〕〔(Encyclopedia Iranica. Dolma. )〕〔(Official Turkish Dictionary. Dolma. )〕 Dolma is a stuffed vegetable, that is, a vegetable that is hollowed out and filled with stuffing. This applies to zucchini, tomato, pepper, eggplant, and the like; stuffed mackerel, squid, and mussel are also called ''dolma''. Dishes involving wrapping leaves such as vine leaves or cabbage leaves around a filling are called ''sarma'', though in many languages the distinction is usually not made. Dolma without meat is sometimes called ''yalancı dolma'' 'fake dolma' in Turkish.〔''yalancı'' literally means 'liar'; 〕 In some countries, the usual name for the dish is a borrowing of ''dolma'', ''e.g.'' Armenian տոլմա or դոլմա ,〔“(դօլմա )” in Stepʿan Malxaseancʿ, ''Hayerēn bacʿatrakan baṙaran (Armenian Explanatory Dictionary)'', in 4 vols, Yerevan: State Publishing House of the Armenian SSR, 1944-45〕 or of (Turkish 'leaf'), in others it is a calque, and sometimes the two coexist with distinct meanings: (アルバニア語:japrak); (アラビア語:محشي) ''maḥshi'' ('stuffed'), محشي ورق عنب (''maḥshī waraq 'inab'', 'stuffed grape leaf'); (ペルシア語:دلمه),"dolme", "barg"; (ギリシア語:ντολμάς) ''dolmas'' (for the leaf-wrapped kind) and ''yemista'' 'stuffed'; (クルド語:dolma) , , . In Aleppo, the word ''yabraq'' refers to stuffed vine leaves, while ''maḥshī'' refers to stuffed cabbage leaves and stuffed vegetables. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dolma」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|