|
|Section2= |Section7= |Section8= }} Diphenylamine is an organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2NH. The compound is a derivative of aniline, consisting of an amine bound to two phenyl groups. The compound is a colorless solid, but commercial samples are often yellow due to oxidized impurities.〔P. F. Vogt, J. J. Gerulis, "Amines, Aromatic" in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2005, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 〕 Diphenylamine dissolves well in many common organic solvents, and is moderately soluble in water. It is used mainly for its antioxidant properties. ==Preparation and reactivity== Diphenylamine is manufactured by the thermal deamination of aniline over oxide catalysts: : 2 C6H5NH2 → (C6H5)2NH + NH3 It is a weak base, with a ''K''b of 10−14. With strong acids, it forms salts. For example, treatment with sulfuric acid gives the bisulfate ()+()− as a white or yellowish powder with m.p. 123-125 °C.〔''The Merck Index, 10th Ed.'', (1983), p.485, Rahway: Merck & Co.〕 Diphenylamine undergoes various cyclisation reactions. With sulfur, it gives phenothiazine, a precursor to pharmaceuticals.〔T. Kahl, K.-W. Schröder, F. R. Lawrence, W. J. Marshall, Hartmut Höke, Rudolf Jäckh, "Aniline" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005, Wiley-VCH: Weinheim. 〕 : (C6H5)2NH + 2 S → S(C6H4)2NH + H2S With iodine, it undergoes dehydrogenation to give carbazole, with release of hydrogen iodide: : (C6H5)2NH + I2 → (C6H4)2NH + 2 HI Arylation with iodobenzene gives triphenylamine. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Diphenylamine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|