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Debarment
Debarment is the state of being excluded from enjoying certain possessions, rights, privileges, or practices and the act of prevention by legal means. For example, companies can be debarred from contracts due to allegations of fraud, mismanagement, and similar improprieties. Firms, individuals, and non-governmental organizations can be debarred.
In cross-debarment, organizations and agencies agree to mutually exclude others based on debarment by affiliates.〔(Cross-Debarment Accord Steps Up Fight Against Corruption ), World Bank, April 9, 2010〕
==As an amendment to the U.S. Food and Drugs Act==
Debarment is a penalty set forth in a 1992 amendment to the Food and Drugs Act,〔(a)-(g).〕 which the U.S. Food and Drug Administration can, and sometimes must, impose on persons or companies that engage in criminal conduct with respect to the development or approval of new drugs. The penalty itself is a prohibition against that person or company from submitting or assisting in the submission of such an application. By statute, it only applies to applications for approval of new drugs, and not to applications for other approvals granted by the FDA, such as changing a prescription drug to over-the-counter status, or approving a new food additive.
As of April 2009, the FDA has debarred 73 persons, an average of less than five per year, of which all but 9 were permanently debarred.〔(U.S. Food and Drug Administration debarment list ), last visited April 21, 2009.〕 The FDA has never debarred a company.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Debarment」の詳細全文を読む
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