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The were the powerful feudal lords in pre-modern Japan who ruled most of the country from their vast, hereditary land holdings. In the term, literally means "large", and "''myō''" stands for , meaning private land.〔Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan, entry for "daimyō"〕 Subordinate only to the ''Shogun'', daimyo were the most powerful feudal rulers from the 10th century to the middle 19th century in Japan. From the ''shugo'' of the Muromachi period through the ''Sengoku'' to the daimyo of the Edo period, the rank had a long and varied history. The term "daimyo" is also sometimes used to refer to the leading figures of such clans, also called "lord". It was usually, though not exclusively, from these warlords that a shogun arose or a regent was chosen. Daimyo often hired samurai to guard their land and they paid the samurai in land or food as relatively few could afford to pay samurai in money. The daimyo era ended soon after the Meiji restoration with the adoption of the prefecture system in 1871. ==Shugo-daimyo== The were the first group of men to hold the title "daimyo". They arose from among the ''shugo'' during the Muromachi period. The shugo daimyo held not only military and police powers, but also economic power within a province. They accumulated these powers throughout the first decades of the Muromachi period. Major shugo daimyo came from the Shiba, Hatakeyama, and Hosokawa clans, as well as the tozama clans of Yamana, Ōuchi, and Akamatsu. The greatest ruled multiple provinces. The Ashikaga shogunate required the shugo daimyo to reside in Kyoto, so they appointed relatives or retainers, called ''shugodai'', to represent them in their home provinces. Eventually some of these in turn came to reside in Kyoto, appointing deputies in the provinces. The Ōnin War was a major uprising in which shugo daimyo fought each other. During this and other wars of the time, ''kuni ikki'', or provincial uprisings, took place as locally powerful warriors sought independence from the shugo daimyo. The deputies of the shugo daimyo, living in the provinces, seized the opportunity to strengthen their position. At the end of the fifteenth century, those shugo daimyo who succeeded remained in power. Those who had failed to exert control over their deputies fell from power and were replaced by a new class, the "sengoku daimyo", who arose from the ranks of the ''shugodai'K and ''Ji-samurai''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Daimyo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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