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Cylindrococcus
''Cylindrococcus'' is a genus of scale insect that induces galls on plants of the genus ''Allocasuarina''. There are two described species of ''Cylindrococcus'', both of which occur only in Australia.〔Gullan P.J. (1984). A revision of the gall-forming coccoid genus ''Cylindrococcus'' Maskell (Homoptera: Eriococcidae). ''Aust. J. Zool.'', 32: 677-690.〕 The galls of adult females (10–30 mm long) look somewhat similar to the cone-like "fruit" of the host plant and might be mistaken for such.
==Systematics==
''Cylindrococcus'' is currently classified in the scale insect family Eriococcidae〔Miller D.R. & Gimpel M.E. (2000). A Systematic Catalogue of the Eriococcidae (Felt Scales) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the World. Intercept Ltd, Andover, UK.〕 although, at times, it has been placed in its own family, Cylindrococcidae.〔Balachowsky A. (1942). Essai sur la classification des cochenilles (Homoptera-Coccoidea). ''Annls Éc. natn. Agric. Grignon'', 3, 34-48.〕 Recent molecular phylogenies show that ''Cylindrococcus'' is closely related to the type species of Eriococcidae,〔Cook L.G. & Gullan P.J. (2004). The gall-inducing habit has evolved multiple times among the eriococcid scale insects (Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae). ''Biol. J. Linn. Soc. Lond.'', 83, 441-452.〕 ''Eriococcus buxi'', so its placement in this family is probably correct.
There are two species currently recognised in ''Cylindrococcus'', ''C. casuarinae'' (the type species) and ''C. spiniferus'',〔 which can be easily differentiated by the appearance of the galls induced by adult females. The galls of ''C. casuarinae'' are long, narrow and relatively smooth whereas those of ''C. spiniferus'' are broad and have prominent bracts. Two other species have been described in the past but are no longer recognised as distinct species: ''C. amplior''〔Maskell, W. M. (1893). Further notes: with descriptions of new species from Australia, India, Sandwich Islands, Demerara, and South Pacific. ''Trans. N.Z. Znst.'' 25, 201-52.〕 is in synonymy with ''C. casuarinae'', and ''C. gracilis''〔Fuller, C. (1897). Some Coccidae of Western Australia. ''J. West. Aust. Bur. Agric.'' 4, 1344-6.〕 has been synonymised with ''C. spiniferus''.〔
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