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''Conocybe'' is a genus of mushrooms with ''Conocybe tenera'' as the type species and at least 243 other species. There are at least 50 different species in North America. Most have a long, thin fragile stipe and are delicate, growing in grasslands on dead moss, dead grass, sand dunes, decayed wood, and dung. ''Conocybe'' species generally prefer fertile soils in lawns and pastures and are found worldwide. ''Conocybe'' species are sometimes called dunce caps or cone heads due to their conical or bell-shaped caps. Former species of ''Conocybe'' that have a well-developed partial veil and/or lack lecythiform cheilocystidia have been transferred to the genus ''Pholiotina'', which was formerly a subgenus of ''Conocybe''. 〔 However, ''Pholiotina'' as it is currently defined is polyphyletic, although none of the three clades that make it up belong in ''Conocybe''.〔 Similar to ''Galerina'', a ''Conocybe'' species can be distinguished microscopically by its cellular cap cuticle, which is filamentous (thread-like) in ''Galerina''. It is easy to confuse ''Conocybe'' species for ''Galerina'' species unless the microscopic nature of the cap cuticle is examined. ''Conocybe'' species have cap cuticles resembling cobblestones. ''Conocybe'' species can also be mistaken for species of ''Bolbitius''. Four species of ''Conocybe'' that are known to contain the hallucinogenic compounds psilocin and psilocybin are ''C. kuehneriana'', ''C. siligineoides'', ''C. cyanopus'', and ''C. smithii''.〔 ''Conocybe siligineoides'' was used for shamanic purposes by the Mazatecs of Oaxaca.〔 ''Conocybe filaris'' is a common lawn mushroom that contains the same deadly toxins as the death cap. ''Conocybe'' comes from the Greek ''cono'' meaning ''cone'' and ''cybe'' meaning ''head''. ==Selected species== *''Conocybe apala'' (very common) *''Conocybe cyanopus'' (psychoactive) *''Conocybe elegans'' *''Conocybe filaris'' (deadly) *''Conocybe kuehneriana'' (psychoactive) *''Conocybe reticulata'' *''Conocybe rickenii'' *''Conocybe siligineoides'' (psychoactive) *''Conocybe smithii'' (psychoactive) *''Conocybe tenera'' (type species) *''Conocybe volviradicata''〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Conocybe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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