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Claorhynchus
''Claorhynchus'' (meaning "broken beak", as it is based on broken bones from the snout region) is a dubious genus of ornithischian dinosaur with a confusing history behind it. It has been considered to be both a hadrosaurid and a ceratopsid, sometimes the same as ''Triceratops'', with two different assignments as to discovery formation and location, and what bones make up its type remains.
==History==
Paleontologist and naturalist Edward Drinker Cope described what he interpreted as an "agathaumid" (horned dinosaur)'s rostral bone and predentary AMNH 3978, which he said came from the Laramie Formation of Colorado.〔Cope, E.D. (1892). Fourth note on the Dinosauria of the Laramie. ''The American Naturalist'' 26:756-758.〕 It was soon thought to be a hadrosaurid, though.〔Hatcher, J.B. (1902). The genus and species of the Trachodontidae (Hadrosauridae, Claosauridae) Marsh. ''Annals of the Carnegie Museum'' 14(1):377-386.〕〔Hatcher, J.B., Marsh, O.C., and Lull, R.S. (1907). ''The Ceratopsia''. Government Printing Office:Washington, D.C., 300 pp. ISBN 0-405-12713-8〕 In their influential monograph, Richard Swann Lull and Nelda E. Wright regarded the genus as a dubious type of hadrosaurid, based on premaxillae and a predentary.〔Lull, R.S., and Wright, N.E. (1942). ''Hadrosaurian Dinosaurs of North America.'' ''Geological Society of America Special Paper 40'':1-242.〕
This opinion stood until the work of Michael K. Brett-Surman, who stated in his dissertation that, having rediscovered and reexamined the material with Douglas A. Lawson, it was most likely part of a ceratopsid's neck frill, probably part of the squamosal of ''Triceratops''.〔Brett-Surman, M.K. 1989(1988). (A revision of the Hadrosauridae (Reptilia: Ornithischia) and their evolution during the Campanian and Maastrichtian. ) Ph.D. dissertation, George Washington University:Washington, D.C.. pp.1-272.〕 This information reached Donald F. Glut's series of dinosaur encyclopedias in a confusing form; its entry states that a squamosal and tooth from South Dakota were referred to the genus, and these are what Brett-Surman and Lawson identified, keeping the supposed beak remains separate. Additionally, other major reviews have left the genus as an indeterminate hadrosaurid.〔Weishampel, D.B., and Horner, J.R. (1990). Hadrosauridae. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (eds.). ''The Dinosauria.'' University of California Press:Berkeley, 534-561. ISBN 0-520-24209-2〕〔Horner, J.R., Weishampel, D.B., and Forster, C.A. (2004). Hadrosauridae. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (eds.). ''The Dinosauria (second edition)''. University of California Press:Berkeley, 438-463. ISBN 0-520-06727-4.〕
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