翻訳と辞書
Words near each other
・ Cissy Houston (album)
・ Cissy Houston Collection
・ Cissy King
・ Cissy Patterson
・ Cissy Strut
・ Cissy van Bennekom
・ Cissy van Marxveldt
・ Cissé (surname)
・ Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé
・ Cissé, Vienne
・ Cisséla
・ Cist
・ Cist (disambiguation)
・ Cista
・ Cista Provo
Cistaceae
・ Cistanche
・ Cistanche deserticola
・ Cistanche tubulosa
・ Cistanthe
・ Cistanthe ambigua
・ Cistanthe monandra
・ Cistanthe parryi
・ Cistanthe pulchella
・ Cistanthe pygmaea
・ Cistanthe quadripetala
・ Cistanthe rosea
・ Cistanthe umbellata
・ Ciste Dhubh
・ Cistecephalidae


Dictionary Lists
翻訳と辞書 辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ]
スポンサード リンク

Cistaceae : ウィキペディア英語版
Cistaceae

The Cistaceae are a small family of plants (rock-rose or rock rose family) known for their beautiful shrubs, which are profusely covered by flowers at the time of blossom. This family consists of about 170-200 species in eight genera, distributed primarily in the temperate areas of Europe and the Mediterranean basin, but also found in North America; a limited number of species are found in South America. Most Cistaceae are subshrubs and low shrubs, and some are herbaceous. They prefer dry and sunny habitats. Cistaceae grow well on poor soils, and many of them are cultivated in gardens.
They often have showy yellow, pink or white flowers, which are generally short-lived. The flowers are bisexual, regular, solitary or borne in cymes; they usually have five, sometimes three, petals (''Lechea''). The petals are free, usually crumpled in the bud, and sometimes in the open flower (e. g. ''Cistus incanus''). It has five sepals, the inner three of which are distinctly wider, and the outer two are narrow and sometimes regarded as bracteoles. The sepal arrangement is a characteristic property of the family.
The stamens are numerous, of variable length, and sit on a disc; filaments are free. The ovary is superior, usually with three carpels; placentation is parietal, with two or more ovules on each placenta. The fruit is a capsule, usually with five or ten valves (three in ''Helianthemum''). The seeds are small, with a hard, water-impermeable coating, weighing around 1 mg.〔Thanos, C. A., K. Georghiou, C. Kadis, C. Pantazi (1992). Cistaceae: a plant family with hard seeds. ''Israel Journal of Botany'' 41 (4-6): 251-263. (Available online: (Abstract ) | (Full text (PDF) ))〕〔Heywood, V. H. (ed.) (1993). ''Flowering plants of the world'', pp. 108–109. London: Batsford. ISBN 0-19-521037-9〕〔Hutchinson, J. (1973). ''The families of flowering plants: arranged according to a new system based on their probable phylogeny'' (3rd ed.), pp. 254–255. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 0-19-854377-8.
〕〔Judd W. S., C. S. Campbell, E. A. Kellogg, P. F. Stevens, M. J. Donoghue (2002). ''Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach'', 2nd edition, pp. 409–410 (Cistaceae). Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0-87893-403-0.
* Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de (1789). ''Genera Plantarum'': 294. Parisiis.
〕〔Mabberley, D. J. (1997). ''The plant-book: a portable dictionary of the vascular plants'' (2nd ed.), p. 160. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-41421-0.

==Ecology==

The ability of Cistaceae to thrive in many Mediterranean habitats follows from two important ecological properties: mycorrhizal ability and fast renewal after wildfire.
Most Cistaceae have the ability to create symbiotic relationship with root fungi of the genus ''Tuber''.〔Chevalier, G., D. Mousain, Y. Couteaudier (1975). Associations ectomycorhiziennes entre Tubéracées et Cistacées. ''Annales de Phytopathologie'' 7(4), 355-356〕〔Giovannetti, G., A. Fontana (1982). Mycorrhizal synthesis between Cistaceae and Tuberaceae. ''New Phytologist'' 92, 533-537〕 In this relationship, the fungus complements the root system in its task of absorbing water and minerals from the soil, and thus allows the host plant to dwell on particularly poor soils. In addition, an interesting quality of ''T. melanosporum'' is its ability to kill all vegetation except the host plant within the reach of its mycelium, and thus to give its host some sort of "exclusiveness" for the adjacent land area.〔
Cistaceae have also optimally adapted to the wildfires that frequently eradicate large areas of forest. The plants cast their seeds in the soil during the growth period, but they do not germinate in the next season. Their hard coating is impermeable to the water, and thus the seeds remain dormant for a long period of time. This coating together with their small size allows these plants to establish a large seed bank rather deep in the soil. Once the fire comes and kills the vegetation in the area, the seed coating softens or cracks as a result of the heating, and the surviving seeds germinate shortly after the fire. This mechanism allows the Cistaceae to produce a large number of young shoots simultaneously and at the right time, and thus to obtain an important advantage over other plants in the process of repopulating the area.〔〔Ferrandis, P., J. M. Herrantz, J. J. Martínez-Sánchez (1999). Effect of fire on hard-coated Cistaceae seed banks and its influence on techniques for quantifying seed banks. ''Plant Ecology'' 144 (1): 103-114. (Available online: (DOI ))


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Cistaceae」の詳細全文を読む



スポンサード リンク
翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース

Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.